Junior group. Early childhood, nursery. Children 1-4 years old
OOD on fire safety "Cat's House" in the early age group OOD in the early age group Educational area: Cognition Topic: "Cat's House"
Goal: To develop
fire safety in preschoolers through artistic expression. Objectives: To introduce children to natural gas; Reinforce fire safety ;...
Lesson notes on fire safety in the second early age group Notes on fire safety in the second early age group. Purpose: To introduce children to basic fire safety , to help children understand why they should not play with matches; who puts out the fire . Objectives: Educational: to promote the formation of elementary…
Summary of a reinforcement lesson on fire safety in the second junior group “Cat House”
Goals: to consolidate children's knowledge about fire safety rules.
Tasks:
- Educational: to form children’s understanding of fire hazardous objects that cannot be used independently.
- Educational: to develop in children the idea that fire can bring not only benefits to humans, but also harm, to develop a sense of the danger of fire.
- Educational: to instill in children responsibility for themselves, their loved ones and their own safety; friendly attitude towards each other.
Preliminary work:
- Viewing the fairy tale “Cat's House” by S. M. Marshak;
- Conversations about good and evil fire
- Working with demonstration material “Fire Safety Rules”;
- Fire truck games.
Progress of the lesson:
Educator : guys, now we’re going to play! I will tell you a fairy tale, and you will be the heroes from this fairy tale.
Tili bom, tili bom, The cat's house is on fire! The cat's house is on fire! There's a column of smoke coming out!
The cat jumped out, its eyes bulging! (child in cat mask)
A chicken runs with a bucket and floods the cat's house! (guys wearing chicken masks)
And a horse with a lantern! (guys in a horse mask)
And the dog with the broom! (guys in a dog mask)
Gray bunny with a leaf! (guys in bunny masks)
(together):
One, one, one, one and the fire went out!
Educator: Well done, how great you are doing! Sit down please.
(knock on the door)
Educator: Oh, who’s knocking on our door?
Cat: Guys, hello.
Children: hello cat.
Cat:
I'm in trouble! My house burned down - a small coal flew out of the stove, it lit the curtains, the walls and the roof from the curtains. Let me stay with you, it’s so warm and cheerful here!
Educator: Of course, kitty, come in.
Look guys, what a big disaster can happen because of a small fire, an evil fire burned the whole house. What do you think, can fire be good? (The teacher shows pictures with good fire one by one and hangs them on the easel)
Maybe. When the fire cooks soup, porridge, bakes pies. Fire gives warmth and light.
Educator : That's right, people put a good fire in the house, what is it called? (boxes, matches) Only matches should never be touched without adults.
Get up, we'll play with you.
Fizminutka
Matches are dangerous, just touch them (children shake their fingers)
a bright fire will immediately appear (raise their hands up, move their fingers)
Small at first
Then more, more
(squat and get up)
The rain poured down and the fire went out. (they move their fingers and slowly squat)
Educator : Well done, sit down. Guys, if there is a fire, what comes to our aid?
Children: Firetruck
Educator : Let's all say together: “Fire truck”
Educator : Look what fire truck came to us. What color is it?
Children: red
Educator : How does the alarm sound?
Children: ooh
Educator : This is so that the car is visible and so that drivers of other cars can let it pass.
Guys, come to me, do you want to be a fire truck driver for a while?
Children : yes
Then grab the wheels and let's go!
(children take the steering wheels and run to the music)
Educator : How well you are doing, well done!
(Put the steering wheels back in place.)
Educator : Guys, we need to help our friend cat, because she was left without a house.
Now we will build a new house for her! What do you think our house can be built from?
Children : from cubes
Go to the table, there are cubes prepared for everyone. Take your seats.
Kitty and you sit down with us and watch how the guys all together build you a house. (place the cat in the center of the table)
Tell me, what does the house have?
Children : Walls, roof
Watch how we will build a house. Let's build the walls first, put the cube on the cube. Now let’s take a triangular roof and place it on top.
Educator : Well done, guys! Look, your little cubes turned into a big house for our cat, with a colorful roof! Kitty, do you like it?
Cat: Thank you very much! I really like my new home! Now I'll be careful with fire.
Educator : Did you guys remember that you can’t play with matches?
Children: yes, we remember.
Educator : Let's say goodbye to the cat! And remember, matches are not a toy for children! Don't touch the matches - there is fire in the matches!
PROGRESS REPORT
At MBDOU No. 20, an event on fire safety was held in the second junior group.
The purpose of the event is to consolidate children’s knowledge about fire safety rules and rules of behavior during a fire, to introduce children to the profession of a firefighter and its characteristics.
During the event, pupils learned about fire safety rules, took part in various competitions and in a playful way gained knowledge of how to act in extreme situations using the example of the fairy tale “Cat’s House”.
The teachers told the children in detail about the causes of fire and primary fire extinguishing means, and about the terrible consequences that could arise if children pick up matches.
Such events contribute to the formation of skills of correct behavior in case of fire and develop cognitive interest in the profession of firefighter.
Conversation “Why fires happen” material on life safety
Conversation “Why fires happen”
Target. Give students an understanding of fires, their causes and possible consequences.
Tasks.
- Development of cognitive interest of pupils, expansion of horizons of knowledge.
- Formation of behavior in compliance with fire safety rules.
3. Instilling skills in careful handling of fire.
Equipment: presentation.
Progress of the conversation:
- Guys, listen to the riddle and guess it, and you will find out what our conversation will be about.
For years I have been a meek captive living inside the oven And cooking soups with borscht, Baking rolls. I provide warmth for the home, But believe me, there is always a hidden beast in me, worse than the sound of thunder. (Fire)
- Today we will talk about fire.
- Tell me, guys, is fire a friend or enemy of man? (answers)
- “He’s such a little flame - both good and bad: He shines, he warms, and he knows how to play pranks!”
Fire is a long-time friend of man. With its help we accomplish many useful things. We cook food on fire, warm our homes, use it as decoration, when we light candles, to illuminate the room. With the help of fire, you can process various materials (clay, metals) and make weapons and tools from them. People of the following professions have learned to use the beneficial properties of fire: steelmaker, fireman, blacksmith, baker, glassblower, electric welder, etc.
“Everyone knows: a man without fire does not live a single day.”
With fire it’s as bright as with the sun! It's warm in the fire and in winter!
Look around, guys: fire is our everyday friend!
But when we are careless with fire, it becomes our enemy.
- If treated carelessly, fire can turn into a ruthless enemy, destroying cities and villages, factories and factories, taking human lives. This fire is bright red or orange and is very hot. The flames are always in motion, they tremble and tremble. Smoke curls around the fiery flame - this is a fire.
- What is a fire? Let's try to define fire. (Children give possible answers)
— How is a fire different from a fire or a bonfire? (Answers)
— What happens during a fire, how is it dangerous for people, their homes, and nature? (people get burns, injuries, die, houses and forests burn down, animals suffer)
- So, a fire is a fire that has come out of the control of a person, which cannot be controlled. A fire destroys houses, forests, destroys other objects, and harms human life and health.
- What causes fires?
Most fires occur due to the fault of people themselves, due to inattentive and careless handling of fire, and approximately every sixth fire in the residential sector occurs due to the fault of children and adolescents.
- Guys, think and tell me, what could cause a fire in a forest, in a field? (Children's answers)
— Most often, a fire occurs due to careless handling of fire. To avoid this, you need to be very careful and careful: do not leave a burning fire in the forest, do not play with matches. It is necessary to cover it with earth or fill it with water.
-Don’t light the fire yourself and don’t let others,
Even a tiny spark is not far from a fire!
Each of you guys knows that leaves fall in the fall. Adults clean them up. Yes, and you help them rake the leaves into a pile. Often mature leaves are burned right next to buildings. – Is it possible to burn leaves near buildings? (Children's answers)
— Adults forget about the danger, which leads to a fire.
— Tell me guys, what could cause a fire in the house? (Children's answers)
— The cause of fire is often careless handling of the gas stove.
Do not leave the gas open or dry clothes over the stove. Remember: if you smell gas, do not light a match or turn on the light. You need to ventilate the room immediately.
You get naughty near the gas stove - expect trouble. Better yet, don’t even stand in front of the gas stove!
— A common cause of fire is a kettle left unattended.
The kettle kept boiling and boiling until it all boiled away
And out of anger, black smoke billowed up to the ceiling!
Do not leave the kettle unattended on the stove.
— Fires are often caused by electrical appliances that are not turned off - irons, televisions, stoves, lamps. Often people use faulty electrical appliances, which also leads to fire.
I told my mother for a long time: “Bring the iron in for repair!” Mom, like a stubborn child, began to iron the sheet. Suddenly the phone rings... Mom talks for a long time, And the iron is already overheated, Smoke is pouring out of the sheet.
— Poor wiring or too many electrical appliances connected through a tee can cause the outlet to catch fire.
Those who study science do not turn on the instruments. An overheated socket often lights up!
Remember: if electrical appliances catch fire, they cannot be extinguished with water.
— For the New Year we try to decorate the Christmas tree beautifully. But remember, under no circumstances should you light candles on it, as the needles of our forest beauty burn very well and quickly. It is dangerous to decorate the Christmas tree with flammable toys, cotton wool, or light sparklers near it. Due to careless handling of sparklers, garlands, and candles, fires can occur.
To prevent the Christmas tree from catching fire, do not hang firecrackers or flammable toys on green needles. And in the sparklers there is heat, which means there may be a fire.
— Children's pranks with matches are one of the most common causes of fires. You children play with matches, light fires near buildings, set fire to garbage in bins, old grass, poplar fluff, set off burning “airplanes” without the permission of adults, start dangerous games with fire, do not think about the consequences.
Those who are careless with fire may experience a fire. Children, remember that you cannot joke with fire.
To avoid a fire, you need to know well and strictly follow the fire safety rules:
1. Do not play with matches and ensure that small children do not play. Matches should be stored in places inaccessible to children.
2. Do not heat unfamiliar objects, powder and paint packaging, especially aerosol cans.
3. Do not leave electric heating devices unattended. Do not allow children to turn on the TV on their own. When leaving home, unplug electrical appliances.
4. Remember that not only a barrel of gasoline is dangerous, but also an empty barrel of gasoline or other flammable liquid (for example, paint), and a lit match can cause severe burns and injuries.
5. Do not leave the gas open, do not dry things over the gas stove, do not leave the kettle on unattended on the stove - this can lead to a fire.
6. Do not leave fires unextinguished - this can lead to a fire.
7. Do not set fire yourself and do not allow your younger ones to set fire to poplar fluff and dry grass; fire not only kills the insects that live in it, but also leads to a fire.
8. Do not decorate the Christmas tree with flammable toys, cotton wool, or light sparklers near it. Due to careless handling of sparklers, garlands, and candles, a fire can occur.
Remember these rules, follow them yourself and explain them to others.
— What should you do if a fire does start? (Children's answers)
Remember the following rules:
1. If the fire is small, you can immediately extinguish it using a blanket, coat, water, sand, or fire extinguisher.
2. If the fire cannot be extinguished, you must immediately leave the premises and move to a safe place. And also take younger brothers and sisters out of the house.
3. Be sure to close the door to the room where the fire started. A closed door can not only delay the entry of smoke, but also extinguish the fire. Unless, of course, the windows in the room are closed.
4. If a fire occurs, turn off the electricity and gas.
5. Don't hide under the bed, in the closet or in the bathroom.
6. Call adults for help as quickly as possible.
7. Call the fire department.
Smoke carries the same danger in a fire as fire.
1. If smoke has entered the room, you need to wet your clothes with water, cover your head with a rag and go out, bending down.
2. If there is strong smoke, breathe through a damp cloth.
3. If you feel like you are suffocating, squat down or crawl towards the exit - there is less smoke below.
If you heard about the fire, give a signal about it quickly. Feel free to pick up the phone and dial “01”! And then name the city, street and house. And the apartment where you live and what lock it has and also say: “I give you my last name, also the phone number where I’m standing.”
- Guys, who puts out fires? (Answers)
– Firefighters are heroic people who are always ready to help. They constantly put their lives in danger.
- And now I will read to you situations about how your peers called the fire department. You must determine whether the guys called the fire department correctly and find their mistakes.
1st situation:
— Lida: “Oh, everything is on fire here! Please come quickly!”
2nd situation:
— Sergey: “Hello! My name is Sergey Petrov. I am in the second grade of school No. 1. My parents are not at home, so I am calling you. We started a fire. Come to Lilac Street."
3rd situation:
— Matvey: “Hello, a fire started in our apartment at 5 Central Street, apartment 35. There are no adults at home. Matvey Smirnov is calling you.”
— Where do you think the firefighters will be able to arrive? - Why? – What did the other guys do wrong?
“There are cases when children, having decided to have fun, dial the fire department number and give the attendant false information about the fire. But maybe at this time real help from fire departments is needed elsewhere?! And a childish prank can lead to dire consequences, punishment of your parents and yourself.
- Let's summarize the conversation.
— List the causes of fires. — What rules must be followed during a fire? — How to correctly call the fire department by phone?
“I hope that today’s conversation will be useful to you in life.” You will be attentive and careful with fire, you will not allow trouble.
Internet resources:
https://kopilkaurokov.ru/obzh/uroki/pozhary-prichiny-vozniknovieniia-pozharov
https://ped-kopilka.ru/klasnomu-rukovoditelyu/klasnye-chasy-v-5-8-klasah/klasnyi-chas-prichiny-vozniknovenija-pozhara-5-klas.html
https://uchitelya.com/obzh/49531-zanyatie-prichina-vozniknoveniya-pozhara.html
