Summary of a drawing lesson in the first junior group “Introduction to pencils”

The importance of fine motor skills for child development

Much research has been devoted to the importance of fine motor skills for human development. They all confirm that making small movements with the hands and fingers stimulates the speech centers of the brain. And successful mastery of speech, in turn, contributes to the child’s communication skills, successful establishment of social connections and the formation of conceptual thinking.

Finger drawing

In general, fine motor activity is associated with the cognitive development of a child’s psyche. This is especially true for children 3–4 years old, since at this age the child’s social environment and horizons expand sharply, he begins to interact daily not only with parents and close relatives, but also with his peers, teachers, kindergarten workers and other adults.

Reference. “The 3-year-old crisis” or “the crisis of negativism” is an age stage in the development of a child, manifested by such behavioral characteristics as stubbornness, obstinacy, and protest. Successful overcoming of this period is facilitated by the development of the child’s speech skills.

When a child’s wishes do not coincide with his real capabilities, he finds himself in a situation in which he is forced to learn to negotiate. A parent and a three-year-old face the difficult task of reaching a compromise. It is much easier to achieve mutual understanding when the child has sufficient speech and is able to express his needs and experiences.

The help of drawing may not seem obvious at first glance, but scientific research and long-term teaching experience confirm the effectiveness of this method. In addition, the psychotherapeutic effect of drawing has long been known, thanks to which conducting a thematic lesson with elements of art therapy will help a child overcome the tension and anxiety associated with a crisis period.

Theme of the week: “Professions”

Lesson 25. Railway for Doctor Aibolit

(Brush painting. Gouache)

Target. Teach children to draw long and short intersecting lines using a brush. Create a desire to help those who need help.

Demonstration material. Toys – owl, steam locomotive, trees.

Handout. Rectangular card (landscape sheet cut in half along the long axis); gouache, brush.

Progress of the lesson

Play out the situation: an owl has flown in from the forest and is crying. It turns out her owlets are sick.

Tell the children: “Doctor Aibolit is on the train to help, but the railway has ended. Let’s continue the road so that the train (show the toy locomotive) with the doctor can travel into the forest.”

Take a rectangular card, draw parallel lines on it - these are rails - and short perpendicular lines - these are sleepers. Give the children the rest of the cards and ask them to draw the rails and sleepers. Show the kids how to correctly hold the brush with three fingers in the middle, dip it in water and pick up paint only onto the bristles.

When the children's drawings are ready, put the cards in a row - you get a road to a toy forest; Together with the kids, send a toy train with Doctor Aibolit and an owl on the railway.

At the end of the lesson, on behalf of the owl, thank the guys for their help.

Drawing techniques for children of the second younger group

There are quite a few types and techniques of drawing available to children aged 3–4 years. Below are the most interesting and useful of them.

Finger drawing

This simple and fun technique is ideal for introducing fine art. It is quite simple to implement, gives the child freedom of action and is easy to master in a playful way. For the first time, you can try leaving fingerprints on paper using different colors. Once the child understands the meaning of this action, you can allow him to draw with his fingers at his own discretion.

Important! The teacher must first demonstrate this method himself. After the child has shown interest, he is invited to do the same. If the baby does not demonstrate readiness, the lesson should be postponed.

Once this technique is mastered, you can use it to create narrative drawings. To do this, before class, outline images of the sun, a balloon, a house or other objects are drawn on sheets of paper with a marker. Then the children are asked to use their fingerprints to fill the space inside the finished drawing.

Drawing with palms and fists

Once the finger technique is mastered, children can easily move on to drawing with their palms. An adult needs to be creative and think through the plot of the drawing in advance. The handprint can be the rays of the sun, some animal, flower, tree or house. After the paint on the paper has dried, eyes, ears, leaves or other elements that make the drawing recognizable are drawn in with felt-tip pens.

Drawing with palms

Drawing with stamps and signets

Drawing stamps can be purchased at art stores or made independently from natural materials, cardboard, foam sponge, cotton swabs, even potatoes or cauliflower. This technique makes a special impression on children due to its simplicity of execution and spectacular results. At the first stage, you can let children master the use of a stamp in a free form, and then offer a plot drawing.

Stamps

Blotography

This method will introduce the child to the properties of paints. Applying watery blots and streaks to the paper will reveal an interesting mixture of colors. At this moment, you can draw the child’s attention to the fact that two different colors, when mixed, can give a third, completely new one. You can also experiment with thickness - apply streaks and splashes first with liquid and then with thicker paint. After the drawing has dried, using felt-tip pens or pencils, you can shape the blots into an image of space, landscape, season (for example, if yellow and red colors predominate - autumn, blue and white - winter).

Blotography

Monotype

An effective technique that creates symmetrical patterns. A sheet of paper is folded in half and paint is applied to one half in the form of blots, or, if the plot is thought out in advance, along the contour outlined in pencil. Then the paper is folded, smoothed with the palm of your hand and straightened. The resulting print is allowed to dry, after which the necessary contours and elements are drawn in with felt-tip pens. It is so easy to depict objects such as a butterfly, an airplane, a book.

Monotype

Dots and lines

For this type of drawing with children 2–4 years old, use pencils or wax crayons. Mastering dots and lines will prepare the child to build more complex compositions from them on a sheet of paper. You can pay attention to different types of lines - straight, wavy, zigzag, and then use them to depict sea waves, hills, mountains on paper. Using the dots in the picture, you can try to depict rain, snow, flowers, sand. In this way, the child is introduced to the landscape and asked to depict spring or winter using simple lines and dots.

Waves

Tracing and painting

Children are given or offered a choice of templates in the form of pets, toys, dishes, and vehicles. The templates are outlined and painted over with paints or pencils.

Card index of games on life safety for senior and preparatory groups according to the Federal State Educational Standard

To conduct the lesson you will need the following materials:

• The basis for drawing is paper, cardboard for making small drawings; For finger painting or drawing with your palms, it is convenient to use whatman paper or the back of the wallpaper.
• Colored pencils, markers, crayons, gouache, watercolors, brushes, sippy cups with water.
• Stamps, seals, homemade stamps from scrap materials.
• Oilcloths, sponges, wet wipes, aprons, rags, soap.

Drawing in the younger group requires an individual approach to each student. This is a new and difficult activity for the child, in mastering which he needs constant support and assistance from the teacher. Any criticism should be avoided, regardless of whether the desired result is achieved. At each stage of the lesson, it is necessary to pay attention to each child and help to cope with the difficulties that arise.

Important! At the age of 3–4 years, children can already understand and follow short, understandable instructions, so the introductory and demonstration part of the lesson is conducted by the teacher for the whole group.

GCD for drawing in the second junior group on the topic “Cockerel - golden comb”

Goal: To become familiar with the “Drawing with Palms” technique.

Tasks:

1. Learn how to make a palm print on a piece of paper.
2. Develop paper orientation.
3. Develop creative skills.
4. Cultivate a love for animals and empathy for the character.

Demonstration materials:

• illustrations for the fairy tale “The Cockerel is the Golden Comb”;
• audio recording of a fairy tale.

Handouts: gouache, brushes, sponges, napkins, cotton swabs, sippy cups with water, paper, oilcloths, aprons.

Preliminary work:

• listening to an audio recording of the Russian folk tale “Cockerel - the Golden Comb”;
• solving riddles about the cockerel.

Didactic games for older children

Cockerel

Cockerel

Cockerel

Instructions for making the drawing “Cockerel - golden comb” using the palm painting technique:

1. A sheet of paper is placed horizontally in front of the child.
2. Using a sponge, the central part of the palm and thumb are painted yellow.
3. The remaining fingers are colored red, green, blue and orange.
4. The hand should be held in front of you with the thumb up, and the remaining fingers spread wide.
5. The palm is pressed firmly onto the paper.
6. Use napkins to wipe off the remaining paint from your palms.
7. A cotton swab is dipped in black paint and placed in the middle of the thumbprint - this is the eye of the cockerel.
8. The clean end of a cotton swab is dipped in red paint and a beard and comb are drawn with a poke.
9. The beak is painted on with a thin brush.
10. If desired, the drawing is complemented by other elements - sun, grass, roost for a cockerel.

Important! The leading activity of children aged 3–4 years is play, so it is advisable to include it in drawing classes in the 2 ml group.

Card index of games for children 3 years old

A card index of games has been developed for children aged 3 years during drawing classes in kindergarten.

Game "Magic Colors"

Goal: to introduce children to the features of color mixing.

Materials: colored cards, “+”, “-”, “=” cards.

Move: an example is shown, made up of cards: red + blue = purple; green+red=brown.

Children solve them using paints on paper.

Game "Aquarium"

Goal: learn the names of colors.

Material: fish made of cardboard of various colors, cards - aquariums with outline drawings of fish in the corresponding colors.

Progress: according to the teacher’s instructions, children select fish to the contours in the aquarium.

Game "Matryoshka"

Goal: to consolidate knowledge about the main styles of Russian painting.

Move: there are images of nesting dolls on the board. Children take turns trying on their version of a painted sundress.

Game "Duck and Ducklings"

Goal: improve spatial orientation skills.

Materials: cardboard ducks and ducklings, image of a pond.

Progress: the children are given the task of making the path of the duck to the ducklings, and then to the pond.

Game "Winter Fun"

Goal: consolidate knowledge about winter.

Materials: image of a winter landscape, templates for winter clothes and shoes, winter games items.

Progress: with the help of a winter landscape, the teacher updates knowledge about winter. Children are invited to choose from templates items related to winter and winter games: felt boots, mittens, hats, sleds, skates, hockey sticks.

Theme of the week: “Defender of the Fatherland Day”

Lesson 23. Russian flag

(Colour pencils)

Target. Teach children to draw rectangular objects and carefully paint over them. Activate the words “army” and “flag” in your speech.

Demonstration material. Russian flag (small).

Handout. Landscape sheet, simple pencil, colored pencils.

Progress of the lesson

Tell the children: “Each country has its own army and flag. Military people serve in the army. If our country is attacked by enemies, they will defend it with arms in hand. Our country is called Russia. Here is the flag of our country. (Show the flag.) It is rectangular in shape and consists of three stripes: the top is white, the middle is blue, the bottom is red. Each country has its own flag."

Read the poem by S. Marshak to the children:

The fleet is sailing to its native land.

A flag on every ship.

Invite the children to depict the Russian flag. First, they must use a simple pencil to draw a stick on which the flag will be held. You need to draw a rectangle on the side and divide it into three parts. Then carefully paint over the stripes with white, blue and red pencils.

At the end of the lesson, ask the children: “Why should every country have its own flag?” (To distinguish whose army, whose ship.)

Theme of the week: “Mother’s Day”

Lesson 26. Pasta beads

(Drawing with a foam swab. Gouache)

Target. Teach children to carefully paint over three-dimensional objects. Develop fine motor skills and sense of rhythm. Strengthen the ability to analyze and understand the content of a poem.

Handout. Straight pasta, gouache, foam swab, jar of water, oilcloth lining or saucer, lace or rope.

Progress of the lesson

At the beginning of the lesson, read to the children an excerpt from N. Naydenova’s poem:

Mom is a dear word,

There is warmth and light in that word!

On the glorious day of the Eighth of March

Our greetings to our mothers!

Tell the kids that the women's holiday is approaching - the Eighth of March, International Women's Day; On this day, mothers, grandmothers, sisters, girls - all women - are congratulated.

Invite the children to make gifts for their beloved mothers - beautiful beads. Place pasta in front of each child and show how to hold it by the edge with one hand and paint it with a foam swab with the other. Encourage children to use gouache in different colors.

Once the paint is dry, have children string the pasta onto the string in a rhythmic pattern (red, yellow, red, yellow, etc., or alternating three colors). Help the kids tie the ropes.

Tell the children: “The gifts are ready. What wonderful multi-colored beads you made! Your mommies will really like them!”