Master class on the topic: “It all starts from childhood...” on moral and patriotic education
1 slide. Master class on the topic: “It all starts from childhood...” 2nd slide. Goal: to clarify and consolidate the knowledge of teachers on the moral and patriotic education of preschool children. Objectives: - increase pedagogical competence in matters of moral and patriotic education; - generalize the knowledge of teachers about the goals, objectives and means by which the moral and patriotic education of preschool children is determined; - develop a way of analyzing your own activity and the activity of another participant during the game, showing pedagogical tact; - promote the acquisition of teamwork experience. 3 slide. For children: The goal of patriotic education in preschool educational institutions is to educate a humane spiritual and moral personality, worthy future citizens of Russia, patriots of their Fatherland. The objectives of the moral and patriotic education of preschoolers are: instilling in the child love and affection for his family, home, kindergarten, street, village, developing a caring attitude towards nature and all living things, instilling respect for work, developing interest in Russian traditions and crafts, forming basic knowledge about human rights, expanding ideas about Russian cities, introducing children to the symbols of the state (coat of arms, flag, anthem), developing a sense of responsibility and pride in the country’s achievements, developing tolerance, a sense of respect for representatives of other nationalities, peers, parents, neighbors, and other people. formation of self-esteem as a representative of one’s people. 4 slide. Relevance. In recent decades, many complex, contradictory events have occurred in our country regarding public life, politics, and the system of state and local government. Some holidays have become history, new ones have appeared; information about the army and the events taking place in it has become more open; facts related to national confrontation are increasingly being noted among young people; The media intensively promote the Western way of life, which is alien to us. In this regard, the younger generation is experiencing a decline in interest and respect for Russia’s past. Therefore, at the present stage, the problem of moral and patriotic education of children is so relevant. Preschool childhood is the most important period in the development of a person’s personality, when the foundations of civic qualities are laid and children’s first ideas about the world around them, society and culture are formed. In preschool age, feelings dominate all aspects of a child’s life. 5 slide. Smart thoughts. V. A. Sukhomlinsky paid great attention to nurturing the child’s feelings. He believed that it was important to educate a child’s feelings from an early age, to teach him to balance his own desires with the interests of others. Anyone who, in the name of his desires, throws aside the laws of conscience and justice will never become a real person and citizen. Before a person can empathize with troubles and problems, he must generally gain experience of experiencing human feeling. The baby discovers his homeland for the first time in the family. This is his closest environment, where he draws such abstract concepts for him as “work”, “duty”, “honor”, “Motherland”. The sense of duty towards parents is deeply social; it develops bit by bit and, as the child grows up, develops into a higher feeling – a sense of duty towards society and the Motherland. From all of the above, it follows that the basis of patriotic education is the moral, aesthetic, labor, mental education of a little person, and gaming activities will help us realize our goals and objectives for moral and patriotic education. Every time gives birth to its heroes. We, teachers, must help these heroes of our time emerge and educate true patriots of Russia. 6 slide. I would like to start our conversation with an old parable. Parable “The Sprouted Seed” One day the disciples came to the elder and asked him: “Why do bad inclinations easily take hold of a person, but good inclinations take hold of a person with difficulty and remain fragile in him?” - What happens if a healthy seed is left in the sun and a sick one is buried in the ground? - asked the old man. “A good seed that is left without soil will die, but a bad seed will germinate and produce a sick sprout and bad fruit,” answered the students. “This is what people do: instead of secretly doing good deeds and cultivating good beginnings deep in their souls, they put them on display and thereby ruin them. And people hide their shortcomings and sins deep in their souls so that others do not see them. There they grow and destroy a person in his very heart. Be wise. The disciples thanked the elder for his teaching and went away in thought. Therefore, we teachers need to show and tell children where we should store bad seed so that no one gets hurt in the end. Slide 7 Exercise. Pedagogical situations. Comment on situations and find a way out. In February, kindergartens traditionally hold classes dedicated to Defender of the Fatherland Day. At one of the classes in the senior group, the teacher asks the boys who they would like to serve in the army. The guys name various military professions: pilot, sailor, tanker, border guard, submariner, artilleryman. Misha does not take part in the conversation. The teacher encourages him to speak out too: “Misha, who would you like to be? " Misha: “I won’t go into the army. Dad said there was nothing to do there! " 2. The teacher invites the pupils of the preparatory group to take part in organizing the exposition of the mini-museum. The theme of the exhibition is “Our grandfathers – glorious victories.” For a whole month, the guys brought letters and photographs from the war years, photo albums, and military uniforms from home. They enthusiastically laid out these items on the shelves, several times a day they approached the location of the exhibition exhibits, looked at them, and discussed them. One day, the teacher heard a phrase dropped by one of the children: “And Irina Andreevna (this is the nanny of the group in which the exhibition was organized) said that we brought all sorts of things and now it became inconvenient for her to wipe the dust on the shelves! » 8 slide. In this regard, the urgency of solving the most pressing problems of instilling patriotism in working with preschool children is obvious. Patriotism is a complex and lofty human feeling; it is so multifaceted in its content. Which is indefinable in a few words. Feeling of Motherland. It begins in a child with his relationship to his family, to the closest people - mother, father, grandmother, grandfather. When you talk to children about family, you learn proverbs and sayings. “Find out and name the proverb from the picture” - display of pictures. Let us remember them now: slide 9. 1. “There is no sweeter friend than your own mother” 10 slide. 2. “The whole family is together, and the soul is in the same place” 11 slide. 3. “When there is harmony in the family, there is no need for treasure” 12 slide. 4. “A family is strong when there is only one roof over it.” Contact with folk art and traditions, participation in folk festivals enriches people spiritually, instills pride in their people, and maintains interest in their history and culture. Therefore, it is necessary to know and study the culture of your ancestors. Slide 13 about craft. Teacher: In the old days, children from the age of three were introduced to crafts. The boy's father put him on a horse, and the future man began training in military affairs, hunting, and crafts. At the same age, girls began to be taught needlework and housekeeping. The work for the children was feasible, but real. The father carries a bag, the son carries a bag; Mom has a spindle, daughter has a spindle. Well, we have no reason to sit idle! Task 2. Needlewoman. Creativity has always occupied an important place in human life. All their lives, people have strived to equip their lives with comfortable, durable things, but they made them in such a way that they please the eye and cheer the soul. Task 1 – making home slippers from fabric and lining; Task 2 – making cookies from cookies, butter, nuts, cocoa, sugar; Task 3 – making potholders from fabric and decorating with decorative elements. Working with the audience. "Brain attack". Solving the rebus. 10566406858000 14 slide. 75879614323200 Coat of arms 15 slide. 75870427114500 Anthem 16 slide. 82931029019500 Russia 17 slide. Honor 758825- 44323000 18 slide. 85090025019000 Rodina 19 slide. 85105013722400 Moscow 20 slide. 7588113492500 War 21 slides. 78955412066400 Victory 22 slide. 7848602667000 Order 23 slide. Memory Slide. "Black box". Attention! Question! The black box contains a symbol of Russian life, which has long served as a sign of social inequality and a measure of wealth in the family. In the villages it was passed down from generation to generation. With the development of industry, everyone could order it from a catalog or their own sketch. At fairs they were sold by weight and grade. So this is... . (Samovar). Here lies an object that is a symbol of disputes, bitterness, sadness, evil, because of which wars began. But this did not stop people, did not push them away from this subject, but, on the contrary, seduced them. This item is found not only in fairy tales, but also in mythology and Christian legend. So this is...(Apple) Crafts Summing Up. slide. Clip of a song about the Motherland (beautiful). Reflection “Everything is in our hands” Based on the master class, I suggest you choose and write on the sides of the cube what you consider the most important in the education of moral and patriotic feelings in preschoolers. Take them in your hands. We see that the cube does not hold on itself, but only thanks to our hands. “Proper upbringing is our happy old age, bad upbringing is our future grief, these are our tears, this is our guilt before other people, before the whole country. » A. S. Makarenko Education of moral and patriotic feelings in children is in your hands! ! ! References: Vetokhina A. Ya. “Moral and patriotic education of preschool children.” St. Petersburg: “Childhood Press”, 2012. Makhaneva M. D. “Moral and patriotic education of preschool children.” — M: “Sphere”, 2010. Zelenova N. G., Osipova L. E. “We live in Russia.” — Moscow, 2009 Kozlova S. A. “My world.” — M: “Sphere”, 2010. Komarova T. S. “Folk art in raising children.” – M: , 2010 Mosalova "Me and the World". – M.: “Childhood”, 2013. Novitskaya M. Yu. “Heritage. Patriotic education in kindergarten." – M: “Link a-Press”, 209. Shorygina T. A. Native fairy tales “Moral and Patriotic Education.” — M: “Prometheus; Book lover", 2010
Historical veracity
When performing such crafts, it is important to respect historical truth. Even at the very beginning, when making a patriotic craft for kindergarten, you need to help the child separate the fiction. So that the truth of the historical reality of the country and people is preserved for generations
It must be explained that Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya was not crazy when she did not betray her comrades. That she's a heroine. That Matrosov covered the embrasure with the machine gun with himself, saved his comrades consciously, and did not stumble.
As Russia's enemies now write. We must explain to the child that if those exploits had not happened, then we would not have existed.
Diversity of approaches to the problem
Most often, military-patriotic crafts do not require much material consumption. To make it you need to have:
- scissors;
- cardboard and paper;
- pencil;
- paints;
- glue.
Using all this, with skillful handling of the material, you can even create crafts that can be sent to an exhibition.
But the patriotic theme is broader than just a military theme. There is a wide field for creativity here. Here, for example, is a model of the Motherland monument. This is difficult for a child to do. But for a high school student, if he sculpts and draws well, this is a feasible task.
Make a model from plaster. And if it works out, parents can be proud of such a son or daughter. Even though gypsum is a soft material, not everyone can create a miniature sculpture from it.
The continuity of generations
Starting from kindergarten, the topic of patriotism should be present in education. If in the elementary grades a student likes to complete the patriotic craft assignment for school, it means that the child is developing in the right direction.
He grows into a citizen of the country. When many people, especially young, proactive people, feel a sense of belonging to each other throughout the vast expanse of the country, good things will be done, with pure thoughts.
Here is a craft - the Eternal Flame - as a symbol of the continuity of the glorious pages of history. With a live fire made of colored paper. Decorated with a green grass border on the sides. As a reminder that we must cherish the covenants of our ancestors. Take care of your homeland.
