Preserving and strengthening the health of children in preschool settings

“Preserving and strengthening the health of children in preschool educational institutions”

Preserving and strengthening the health of children in preschool educational institutions

Raising a healthy child is one of the most important tasks of a family and preschool institution.

Health is not only the absence of disease or physical defects, but also complete physical, mental and social well-being. It is the most important indicator that reflects the biological characteristics of the child, the conditions of upbringing, education of children, their life in the family, the quality of the environment, the degree of development of medical care, maternal and child health services, and ultimately the state’s attitude to health problems.

In a preschool educational institution, the primary task is to protect and strengthen the health of children. The work of teachers is aimed at maintaining a cheerful, cheerful mood in the child, preventing negative emotions and nervous breakdowns; improvement of all body functions, full physical development, nurturing interest in various available types of motor activity, forming the foundations of physical culture, the need for daily physical exercise, nurturing positive moral and volitional qualities.

Physical education in a preschool educational institution is carried out both in
special physical education classes, and in play activities and in the daily life of children, in various forms of organizing motor activity .
Favorable sanitary and hygienic conditions are created in the kindergarten, a daily routine is observed, and caring care is provided for each child based on a person-oriented approach; nutritious meals and daily exposure to fresh air are provided; Tempering activities and morning exercises are systematically carried out at all times of the year, and if appropriate conditions are available, swimming lessons are organized for children. In all age groups, much attention is paid to developing correct posture in children.

The expansion of the child’s individual motor experience, consistent learning of movements and motor actions: correct, rhythmic, easy walking, running, the ability to jump from a place and with a running start, various types of throwing, climbing, movements with balls, do not go unnoticed. Children are taught to clearly, rhythmically, and at a certain pace perform various physical exercises by demonstration and based on verbal descriptions; the learned movements are performed to music.

Educators create an environment in a preschool institution that is conducive to the development of personal hygiene skills. Children are taught to understand the value of a healthy lifestyle, to take care of their health, and are introduced to the basic rules of safe behavior.

Various types of hardening procedures are systematically carried out under the guidance of a medical professional, taking into account the individual characteristics of children.

Morning exercises are held daily

in a ventilated area.

During organized educational activities that require a lot of mental stress, and in the intervals between them, physical education sessions lasting 1-3 minutes are held.

In a preschool institution, the leading activity is play

. In order to prevent overwork in preschool educational institutions, traditional classes are replaced by complex ones, which are conducted in a playful way.

Teachers provide sufficient age-appropriate motor activity for children throughout the day, using outdoor activities, sports, folk games and physical exercises.

Every month there are physical training exercises and holidays

.

At the present stage, the task of our society is to educate healthy, harmoniously developed people with high mental and physical performance. To successfully solve this problem, it is important, as they say, to “take care of your health from a young age.” This means that it is necessary to strengthen the child’s health from the first days of his life.

An effective means of promoting health, reducing morbidity and increasing the level of performance of children is hardening the body. Sun, air and water are factors whose systematic exposure increases the body’s resistance to changing weather conditions.

Hardening

– this is not only wiping or dousing, but also everyday ordinary procedures that do not require special organization or additional time: staying indoors and outdoors in appropriate clothing, washing with cool water, sleeping with an open vent or window, active physical exercise.

Air acts as a complex irritant, enhancing metabolic processes, increasing the amount of hemoglobin and red blood cells, strengthening the nervous system. Its beneficial effect is also manifested in the child’s mood - he becomes cheerful and cheerful. It is necessary to use fresh air for hardening purposes constantly, at any time of the year. Cold winter air in combination with active physical exercise and games has a particularly beneficial effect. For the proper development of a child, it is important that he is exposed to the air for 4-5 hours in winter, and almost all day in summer. When organizing outdoor walks for children, adults should create conditions for their active activities.

A good way to improve health is water hardening.

Children love to play with her; Such activities improve the mood and evoke joyful emotions in the child. This should be used to improve the health of the body. It is better to start water procedures in the warm season. Wash the children with cool water. First, wash your hands up to your elbows, then your neck and face.

One of the effective methods of hardening is contrasting dousing of the feet: first with cold water - 24-25 degrees, then warm - 36 degrees and again cold.

The most powerful healing and hardening remedy is swimming in a pond. For a healthy child, it is permissible from the age of 2 years at an air temperature of 25 - 28 degrees and a water temperature of at least 22 degrees.

It must be remembered that the hardening effect of the applied influences depends on the systematicity, continuity of use, gradually increasing intensity of the procedures, and taking into account the individual sensitivity of the child.

If measures to improve a child’s health, carried out in kindergarten, are complemented by daily exercises and outdoor games in a family environment, he develops individual inclinations and interests. Children are especially susceptible to the beliefs, positive behavior of their father, mother, and family lifestyle. Therefore, the educator needs to improve the methods of pedagogical propaganda among parents, to involve them in the active pedagogical process, so that the knowledge they acquire is embodied in the specific work of raising children.

Of great importance in the process of developing good posture are a strictly observed daily routine, the size of furniture, and the posture of children during organized educational activities, labor and other types of independent activities.

Morning exercises are one of the most important components of children’s motor regimen. It is aimed at improving the health, strengthening, increasing the functional level of body systems, developing the physical qualities and abilities of children, and consolidating motor skills. The need to start doing morning exercises after waking up develops the child’s volitional qualities: will, perseverance, discipline, perseverance, independence.

Morning exercises are also valuable because children develop the habit of performing various exercises every day in the morning. Over time, this useful habit turns into a need and remains with the person for life.

After intense physical activity, breathing exercises are necessary to restore breathing. In preschool children, the respiratory muscles are weak, so breathing exercises are very useful. They promote full physical development and prevent diseases of the respiratory system.

Early childhood is a period of intense physical and mental development. It is at this age that the mental and moral development of a child especially depends on his physical condition and mood.

Preschool education plays a significant role in creating conditions for the harmonious development of a person, which is impossible without physical education.

To this end, to make physical education classes interesting and exciting for children, teachers develop a variety of entertaining elements aimed at activating children’s motor activity, developing dexterity and coordination.

The great value of every person is health.

Raising a child strong, strong, and healthy is the desire of parents and one of the leading tasks facing a preschool institution.

The joint activities of teachers - children - parents allows:

• increase the efficiency of work on children's health;
• obtain the necessary knowledge about the physical development of the child;
• create a need for a healthy lifestyle in your family;
• reduce the “deficit” of positive emotions in children, create a festive atmosphere during joint sports activities;
• see and learn about the work of a kindergarten on the physical development of children;
• to ensure continuity of methods and techniques of raising children in the family and in kindergarten.

Many years of experience in such work show that the results of physical education and sports are high when there is interaction between the family and the kindergarten.

Working together helps to strengthen and preserve the child’s health, develop his strength and endurance, physical abilities, and increase his body’s resistance to disease.

It is necessary to teach children from an early age:

• safety at home;
• the ability and desire to be neat and tidy;
• introduce the rules of communication with animals;
• develop road behavior skills;
• cultivate caution in communication;
• establish rules of behavior on the water and in public;
• develop aesthetic taste.

Only the professional competence of teachers of a preschool educational institution, love for their profession and, of course, for children, contribute to the preservation and strengthening of children’s health. Children are the future of our society. And, therefore, their well-being depends on us.

Children's health culture is a basic component of health promotion work

Children's health culture is a basic component

health work

Natalya Vasilievna Khakhleva, teacher of MBDOU DS No. 10 “Firefly”, Stary Oskol

Health is a basic value and a necessary condition for the full, physical and social development of a child. Without creating the foundation of health in preschool childhood, it is difficult to form in the future. Preserving and strengthening child health is the leading task of the concept of modernization of Russian education.

The culture of health is the science of the patterns of formation and preservation of health.

Preschool childhood is a period of intensive growth and development of the body and its increased sensitivity to the influences of the natural and social environment, including preventive and health measures carried out in kindergarten. The effectiveness of these activities largely depends on how natural and adequate the child’s living conditions are in a preschool educational institution.

The main task is to instill in a child the need to be healthy - that means active, capable. We are called upon to instill in preschoolers respect for their own health and the desire to take care of it. It is important to develop in children a base of knowledge and practical skills for a healthy lifestyle, a conscious need for systematic physical education and sports. Therefore, the preschool institution and the family are called upon in preschool childhood to lay the foundations of a healthy lifestyle, using various forms of work.

Advertising message

There are several components of health: 1 . Social health is the current state of the organs and systems of the human body, the basis of which is the biological program of individual development.

2. Physical health - the level of growth and development of organs and systems of the body.

3. Mental health is a state of the mental sphere, the basis of which is a state of general mental comfort.

Particular attention should be paid to the following components of a healthy lifestyle:

•Exercise classes, walks;

• Rational nutrition, compliance with personal hygiene rules: hardening, creating conditions for good sleep.

• friendly attitude towards each other, development of the ability to listen and speak, the ability to distinguish lies from the truth.

• Respect for the environment and nature.

• Medical education, timely visits to the doctor, implementation

various recommendations, children undergoing a medical examination annually - by specialized specialists (dentist, surgeon, ENT, ophthalmologist)

The purpose of physical education is to satisfy the natural biological need of children to move, to achieve a good level of health and comprehensive physical development of children, to ensure that preschoolers master motor skills and abilities, to create conditions for the versatile (mental, moral, labor) development of children and education they need to systematically engage in physical exercise.

In the process of physical education of preschool children, health-improving, educational and educational tasks of physical education are carried out.

1. Development of the forms and functions of the human body, aimed at the comprehensive improvement of physical abilities; strengthening health, ensuring creative longevity of people.

2. Formation of vital motor skills, skills (including directly applied and sports ones), special knowledge, instilling organizational abilities.

3. Education of the moral, volitional and aesthetic qualities of the individual in the spirit of the principles of the moral code; promoting the development of intelligence.

These tasks can be specified depending on the contingent of students: their age, health status, level of physical fitness and

Wellness tasks:

• improve health;
• ensure the comprehensive and harmonious development of physical qualities of preschool children;
• harden the body using natural factors, various traditional and modern hardening techniques;
• contribute to maintaining a positive psycho-emotional state in children.

The main task of physical education of preschool children is to protect life and promote health, hardening the children’s body.

In the process of physical education of preschool children, it is no less important to solve educational problems: the formation of motor skills, instilling the skills of correct posture, hygiene skills, and mastering knowledge about physical education.

In preschool children, it is necessary to develop skills in performing basic gymnastics exercises (drill, general developmental exercises, basic movements - walking, running, balance exercises, climbing, crawling, climbing over, throwing, jumping), sports exercises (skiing, skating, sledding, biking, swimming). In addition, children should be taught to play games with elements of sports games (tennis, badminton, gorodki, volleyball, basketball, hockey, football, etc.).

Without the development of physical qualities, a child would not be able to perform even basic exercises or improve various activities that include movements.

In the process of physical education, it is equally important to decide.

Educational tasks:

• cultivate the habit of maintaining a daily routine, following the rules of personal hygiene, and the need for daily physical exercise;
• promote the development of will and determination;
• develop positive character traits and promote the emotional development of children;
• cultivate the aesthetic needs of the child’s personality;
• It is necessary for children to cultivate a love for sports, to develop an interest in sports results and the achievements of athletes.

Successful solution of the assigned tasks is possible only with the integrated use of all means of physical education.

The physical health of children is strengthened by such means as:

• nutritious nutrition for children;
• hardening procedures;
• development of movements;
• regime hygiene.

To ensure the upbringing of a healthy child, work in a child care institution should be built in the following directions:

• creating conditions for physical development and reducing morbidity among children;
• improving the pedagogical skills and business qualifications of preschool teachers;
• comprehensive solution of physical education and health problems;
• raising a healthy child through the joint efforts of the preschool educational institution and the family.

For the full physical development of children and the realization of the need for movement, certain conditions must be created in preschool educational institutions. Thus, in groups there is enough space allocated for active movement, physical education aids, and sports complexes. All this increases children’s interest in physical education, develops vital qualities, increases the effectiveness of classes, and allows them to practice all types of basic movements indoors.

A physical education area with areas for outdoor and sports games, etc. is equipped at the preschool site.

A flexible daily routine contributes to the harmonious physical and full mental development of a child.

Particular attention in the daily routine should be paid to hardening procedures that promote health and reduce morbidity. Hardening activities, as an important part of physical culture, contribute to the creation of mandatory conditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, a hardening system is important, providing various forms and methods, as well as changes due to the seasons, age and individual characteristics of the children’s health.

Air hardening:

• health walks, daily;
• short-term air baths before bedtime;
• sleep with access to fresh air;

- walking barefoot.

Water hardening:

• washing and other hygiene procedures;
• rinsing the throat and mouth after each meal;
• wet wiping;
• walking barefoot followed by dousing the feet;

Sun hardening:

• light-air baths;
• sunbathing;
• rest in the shade.

The objectives of physical education can be realized in the best possible way using a system of physical education activities of a plot-based and game nature. Its essence lies in the trinity of effects on the child’s body and personality of movement, play and plot. Each of these components carries enormous potential. Movements include general developmental exercises, basic movements, elements of psycho-gymnastics, corrective gymnastics, breathing exercises, finger exercises, self-massage, etc. The game form of conducting educational activities in physical education is one of the interesting forms of children's activities.

In the process of physical education there are great opportunities for the implementation of moral, mental, aesthetic and labor education. The process of physical education of preschool children should be structured in such a way as to simultaneously solve all of the listed tasks. Thus, we can conclude that with the systematic implementation of physical education and health work in preschool educational institutions, children graduating from kindergarten to school have good physical fitness, improvements in health, and this is a reliable basis for further education. Also, raising children in a preschool educational institution in a healthy lifestyle lays down useful skills and abilities in the child for the future.

Non-traditional forms of preschooler health improvement

Breathing and sound gymnastics - teach children to breathe through their nose, prepare them for more complex breathing exercises. This prevents diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Massage is a set of mechanical dosed effects on the human body using various techniques.

Relaxation is one of the ways to overcome internal tension, based on more or less conscious muscle relaxation.

Aromatherapy is a healing scent among the diversity of the plant world. Already in ancient times, people paid attention to plants with a pleasant or pungent aroma, sticky to the touch, and widely used them to treat ailments.

Herbal medicine is treatment with plants. It is better to start taking the herbal medicine with 2-3 plants, after 5-7 days add 1 more, etc. Monitor the body's reaction.

Music therapy is listening medicine.

Bibliography

1. Vorotilkina I.M. Physical education and health work in a preschool educational institution. Toolkit. – M. Publishing house NC ENAS. 2006. – 144 p.

2. Derkunskaya V.A. Diagnosis of the health culture of preschool children. Tutorial. – M.: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2005 – 96 p.

3. Dick N.F., Zherdeva E.V. Developmental classes in physical education and health promotion for preschoolers - Rostov n/d: Phoenix, 2005.-256 p. (I give my heart to children).

4. Ovchinnikova T.S. Organization of health-saving activities in preschool educational institutions: Monograph. – St. Petersburg: KARO, 2006. – 176 p.

Child health in kindergarten

Makarova Galina Vladimirovna

Child health in kindergarten

Child health in kindergarten.

For a child, kindergarten is his second home . He spends most of his time in kindergarten . Every preschool institution has an aggressive viral environment and it is constantly updated. Naturally, the child is exposed to the threat of frequent colds. Despite the fact that the child has a runny nose or other symptoms of a cold or flu, parents still take their children to kindergarten , unaware that they are endangering all the children in the group, including the teachers.

from infections anywhere , neither at home, nor on the playground, and especially not in kindergarten. Among infectious diseases, there are those that it is better for a child to get sick in childhood . At a younger age, these infections are more easily tolerated. Such diseases include chickenpox, rubella, etc. But most often these diseases can be contracted in kindergarten .

Many respiratory diseases are caused by viruses. When the immune system is weakened, the child is susceptible to a new virus. Every disease that the child’s leads to the formation of stable immunity against this pathogen, and in subsequent encounters with this virus, the immunity will protect the baby. If colds or other illnesses drag on or are accompanied by complications, it means the child has weak immunity .

It is known that many pediatricians recommend sending a child to kindergarten at the age of no earlier than 4 years, since by this time the baby’s immunity is already more developed. Before sending your child to kindergarten , he must first be prepared for it. Unfortunately, there are children who often get sick and their mothers need to think about what to do in such cases (this leads to frequent separation of parents from work and registration of sick leave, and accordingly the family’s income drops? Mothers of such children need to start strengthening the health of their children . Ventilate indoor spaces, walk outside more often. Hardening can also help improve health . A rational diet and daily routine are also very important. The child should perceive food in the kindergarten as natural, so you should accustom him to porridges, jelly, compotes long before before visiting kindergarten . A child who is familiar with hygiene rules and skills already at home goes through the adaptation period in kindergarten much easier. Proper nutrition of the child the child’s immunity and his body will be prepared for psychological stress. There is another way to strengthen the child’s body - this is sports . Sport will not only strengthen the child’s , but also normalize his psychological state. Dancing, physical education, swimming, gymnastics - all this strengthens the child’s and protects his body from negative influences. And, of course, the health of a child in kindergarten depends on a stable emotional and psychological state, on the child’s ability to communicate with his peers and with adults. For such children, there are sanatorium-therapeutic kindergartens to which they can apply. It depends on their choice.

What does the strength of a child’s ?

Why can one baby run barefoot through puddles all day and not catch anything, while another instantly reacts with an increase in temperature even to a short walk in wet weather? As you can see, the strength of nonspecific immunity in the first child is much higher than in the second.

Vaccination is, of course, a good thing. Thanks to it, children become immune to measles, chickenpox, whooping cough, diphtheria, some forms of hepatitis, etc. However, vaccination cannot increase nonspecific immunity. A baby can have all the vaccinations appropriate for his age, and yet suffer from sore throat, tracheitis, bronchitis, and otitis every month. Unfortunately, these diseases are caused by microorganisms for which vaccinations are not given.

The main factors influencing the state of a child’s are the following:

1) Living conditions, living conditions. The poor financial situation of parents and the need to frequently change their place of residence undermine children's immunity .

2) Psycho-emotional atmosphere in the family and in the preschool institution. If parents are not averse to drinking and loudly sorting things out in front of their children, if the baby is bullied in kindergarten , the body’s resistance drops. To be healthy, a baby needs the affection , love and care of his loved ones.

3) Food quality. The child's daily diet should include all the necessary vitamins, microelements, and minerals. An unbalanced diet significantly reduces immune defense. Nutrition should be as varied and complete as possible.

4) Presence of congenital and acquired diseases. A child's immune system cannot function properly if any of its internal organs are affected by disease. A fairly common occurrence in childhood is weakened immunity due to intestinal dysbiosis, gastritis, pyelonephritis, etc.

Weak immunity in a child should be suspected if he gets colds more than six times a year, and the disease occurs with complications such as tonsillitis and pneumonia.

In kindergartens , first there is an adaptation period. During this period, you cannot leave the child for the whole day , as he comes into a completely unfamiliar environment. It is necessary for him to get used to it gradually and it is best to leave it for less than a full day.

The choice of a preschool institution, where the child will spend most of his childhood , must be approached intelligently. And parents face this important decision.

If the baby is happy in kindergarten and goes home with a smile,

His mother is happy too!