Tangram game for children, patterns for tangrams for children to printamelica

Tangram: a fairy tale with tasks

The most interesting option for a lesson with a magic square for children would be an activity in the form of a fairy tale. You can choose any fairy tale in accordance with the age interests of preschoolers.

Take, for example, the cartoon “The Adventures of Luntik and His Friends.” All of his characters are well known to preschoolers. You can invite them to collect the image of the main character - Luntik, Baba Kapa, General Sher, Kuzya, Bee, Vupsen and Pupsen, the toad Klava and others.

As a rule, all children remember the beginning of the fairy tale: “Once upon a time, a baby was born on the Moon...”. Further, in accordance with the plot of the selected series, the heroes can meet in a flower meadow (collect a flower), play a ball (collect a ball), sit at the table and drink tea with pie (collect a table, then dishes, pie...).

In accordance with the age characteristics and interests of preschoolers, the teacher can complicate the lesson by introducing a competitive element: boys collect male characters - Luntik, Kuzya, the spider Shnyuk, and girls - female characters - Mila, Baba Kapa, butterflies, toad Klava, leech, etc. .

You can also watch one of your favorite cartoon series with the kids and together choose images of characters and objects to compose them from tangram figures.

When offering tangram tasks to children, it is important for the teacher to remind preschoolers to follow the rules of the game. The tangram game perfectly develops intelligence, imagination, logical thinking, and teaches the basics of geometry.

The tangram game is undoubtedly useful for preschoolers

The tangram game perfectly develops intelligence, imagination, logical thinking, and teaches the basics of geometry. The tangram game is undoubtedly useful for preschoolers.

What is a tangram and how to play it?

Tangram is an educational puzzle that consists of 7 flat figures (tans) of different sizes. It includes: a square, a parallelogram and 5 triangles (2 small, 1 medium, 2 large). When folded, this set of elements produces an equilateral square.

The essence of the puzzle is to assemble various figures using these elements. In this case, all of them must be located only in one plane; overlap of one onto another is not allowed. Assembly begins with the largest triangle. According to various sources, using the set you can create up to 7 thousand combinations, the most common of which are human and animal figures.

How to assemble a tangram with children? Introduce your child to an exciting puzzle and explain the names of the pieces. This can be done as early as 3-4 years. Then offer him one of the easiest options - to assemble the figure according to the drawn contours. The child only needs to select an element that completely matches the picture on the diagram and put it on top.

Then let him practice making certain geometric shapes from 2-3 elements, for example, a square from 2 triangles or a trapezoid. And the simplest designs: fungus, house, Christmas tree, etc.

Next, you need to complicate the tasks. Invite your child to assemble the figure not on top of the diagram, but next to it. Start with the most basic options, for example, a boat.

Having become accustomed to the toy and understanding its capabilities, the baby will gradually learn to fold the figure independently, seeing only the outer contour of the diagram, without dividing into sections. This is a more complex but interesting version of the game. Essentially, the main hint disappears, allowing the child to learn to invent shapes himself, including copying them from surrounding objects. For preschoolers, such tasks are very useful.

The tangram game is an excellent solution for activities with older children in preschool educational institutions. It is better if the sets are made of wood - such material is durable, strong, safe, and will serve more than one group of children. You can not only play one at a time, but also organize competitions between players.

Variety of tasks

Tangram for preschoolers is a fun and useful activity that can be started from the age of 4-5. First, the kids get acquainted with a new set, study its elements, find a triangle according to their parents’ instructions, and show which one is big and which one is small. Next, adults print out the diagram in full size, asking the little ones to put the elements on the drawing. These can be houses, animals, birds, fish, a Christmas tree, a man.

Gradually, the tasks become more complicated, children are offered a hint diagram, which in size may no longer correspond to the real “dimensions” of the figures, and a task to fold something, for example a bird.

Children, as a rule, also become interested in the fact that from a specific number of elements several varieties of birds can be added.

To prevent preschoolers from getting bored, you should come up with a plot - for example, write a fairy tale about animals who would like to live in a house. In order for each of them to occupy their own “room”, you need to assemble the beast from puzzle elements. Next, preschoolers are offered the following scheme:

They make a cat, a hare, a horse, a fish, a duck, a dog. We can “plant” a spruce next to the house to make it beautiful (its diagram is also presented above). Finally, a man built a dwelling for the menagerie - his figure is also on the diagram.

Cat lovers can be invited to compose these animals from puzzle elements according to the following schemes:

The setting is something like this: today is cat day, let's try to collect as many different species as possible. Or another option: a cat came to visit us and told us a lot of new things about her relatives. Let's show her how we can collect cats.

Also very interesting are the houses, of which a huge variety can be made from tangram elements:

Together with the child, you should discuss what kind of house he would like to build, for example, for his pets, and then offer him to work. If something doesn’t work out, don’t be nervous and yell at your child, such an attitude will only destroy his desire to understand the secrets of the Chinese puzzle. It’s best to help, hold, praise for your efforts, then the result will come very soon.

Next, you should complicate the tasks by offering your child more complex schemes:

When working with tangram, it is important to use a playful element, to come up with fairy tales and exciting stories. Otherwise, the baby will quickly get bored and will study through force.

Therefore, it is better to tell him about the magic square, which, at the behest of the good sorceress, split into several fragments, from which literally anything can be created. But the sorceress needs an assistant, so the child is temporarily endowed with miraculous powers, and according to the magic book (drawings and diagrams), he will populate the fictional kingdom with various inhabitants, build houses, boats, Christmas trees, etc. there.

Tangram is a great mental workout that will help you have fun and reinforce useful skills. Among the huge number of schemes, you can find those that will appeal to every preschooler.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=0WDj1bA3Xqo

The benefits of the educational game tangram

Despite its apparent simplicity, tangram is an excellent educational tool. It is not for nothing that it is also called a split puzzle or a geometric constructor. By assembling various shapes from tangram parts, a child can learn a lot.

What tangram develops:

perseverance (like any other puzzle, tangram takes time); attention, ability to concentrate on details; imagination – the child imagines the end result and how to achieve it; logical thinking, since the child creates a whole from parts and analyzes options; the ability to act according to the rules.

All these qualities and skills are important not only for learning, but also for life in general.

How to play tangram?

It would seem that the simplest combination is so complicated. However, this is a set for millions of variations. The whole point of the game is to create your own images from existing elements. This is similar to a construction set from which you can assemble objects, only in this case they will not be three-dimensional, but on a plane. There are three main conditions here:

each assembled figure must include all seven tans;
when constructing tans, each one is located on a plane; they cannot be placed on top of each other;
Each tan must be adjacent to at least one of its sides or vertices with another tan.

As a result, from simple geometric shapes you can put together the most complex ones, for example, make a man or a house out of tans, add a letter or number. It all depends on your and your child’s imagination.

In general, teachers use such a toy as an excellent didactic material for preschoolers, allowing them to learn basic geometric figures in mathematics, giving an understanding of size and shape, parts and wholes, and training thinking and combinatorial abilities.

Just imagine that the history of tangram creativity includes more than 6.13 million different variations invented by ordinary players, from the simplest fantastic to the most complex, close to reality!

The highlight of the puzzle is its paradoxes, when from the entire set of tans sometimes two figures are obtained, and one is a subset of the other. Here's a puzzle for you - a paradox discovered by mathematician Henry Dudeney. Can you assemble two of his monks, one of whom has a leg, and the other is exactly the same, but legless?

But in the paradoxical, logically inexplicable combination of the American chess player Sam Loyd, a corner was cut off from one square, but there were still seven parts!

Agree, there is something to think about!

For children, you can use the simplest examples based on the mosaic principle, when parts make up a whole. This helps preschoolers master the skills of attaching elements to each other and will give them an idea of proportions. At the next stage of mastering the tangram technique, figures are assembled according to the proposed model, which teaches analysis and comparison.

The most difficult part will be the process of playing along the contour, when you need to visually disassemble the form into its components and select the necessary tanas. Having mastered the basic rules of tangram, they usually subsequently “sculpt” images for themselves.

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Your “ShkolaLa”

Tangram

In our previous classes, you have probably already seen that to solve puzzles we need not only good knowledge, but also good imagination.

“Archimedes had much more imagination in his head than Homer.” This is what the great French educator Voltaire said.

Archimedes was a great ancient Greek scientist, and Homer was a great poet of Ancient Greece.

Today in class we will get acquainted with one entertaining puzzle called “Tangram”

Let's take a square measuring 6 by 6 cells. Let's cut it like this:

We got 2 large triangles, 2 small and 1 medium.

And we also got 2 quadrangles, one of which is a square.

That is, there were only 7 elements.

This is the popular Chinese tangram puzzle. Each of its 7 elements is called tan.

In China, this puzzle is called "chi chao tu", which means "7-piece mental puzzle".

Confirmation that the puzzle was actually invented in China is the first known book about the tangram, “A Collection of Figures in 7 Parts.”

But the name “tangram” arose in Europe, most likely from the word “tan” and the root “gram”.

"Tan" means "Chinese". "Gram" means "letter" in Greek.

You can make such a puzzle yourself.

The essence of the game is to construct various more complex figures on a plane of 7 elements. Moreover, these figures are usually specified in the form of a silhouette or an external contour.

Each assembled figure must include all 7 tangram elements. When composing a figure, elements should not overlap each other.

The figure you now see on the screen is made up of all the elements of the puzzle.

In the tangram, among its 7 parts there are already triangles of different sizes, but other triangles can be added from its parts.

Let's complete the task. Fold a triangle using 4 tangram parts:

a) one large triangle, two small triangles and a square;

b) one large triangle, one medium triangle and two small triangles.

Solution.

You can make other triangles

You can make squares

You can also create rectangles

And from the parts of this puzzle you can make, for example, a pentagon

Now let's get acquainted with another famous game called stomachion

. It is similar to a tangram, but it is not cut into a square, but into a rectangle whose length is 2 times its width. And this rectangle is cut into fourteen parts in this way.

The rectangle may appear to be broken into pieces randomly, but in reality this is not the case.

There is 1 pentagon, 2 quadrilaterals and 11 triangles.

This famous game is over 2000 years old. Archimedes was considered its creator.

In 1899, the Swiss historian Heinrich Suter discovered in the book depositories of Berlin and Cambridge the Arabic manuscript “The Book of Archimedes on the division of the stomachion into 14 parts that were in rational relations.”

Later, the Danish mathematician Heiberg would confirm that Archimedes was the creator of the game.

You can make various shapes from the elements of the game - animal silhouettes, geometric shapes and much more.

You can also make this puzzle yourself. You just need to transfer a rectangle, divided into 14 parts, onto thick paper, and then cut it.

The stomachion game requires a lot of patience, because it is much more difficult than the tangram game. It is not for nothing that the word “stomachion” is translated as “infuriating.”

Let's get acquainted with another puzzle called "Columbus Egg"

To make the game, take an oval as a basis (for example, measuring 15 by 12 cm) and cut it into 10 parts like this...

So, we get 2 large triangles and 2 small ones. And 2 more figures that look like a quadrilateral. Moreover, one of the sides of such a quadrilateral is rounded. You also get 4 shapes that are similar to a triangle, but with one rounded side.

You can play “Columbus Egg” by making figurines of all kinds of objects, animals, and birds from parts.

In this case, the game elements must be connected in such a way that they do not overlap each other. The completed piece must use all 10 puzzle pieces.

Elements of geometric puzzles are involved in the life of modern man. Thus, tangram in all its manifestations can be found, for example, in clothing design, as well as in architecture. Tangram can often be found in furniture design.

What is the mystery of the tangram?

The tangram game is listed as seven boards of skill. And this name is no coincidence. The puzzle actually consists of seven geometric shapes called tans. Planks - This is because the game uses flat pieces. They turned out from a square divided into parts. First, it is divided into two large equal triangles with vertex angles of 45 degrees, and then, according to the diagram, seven tangram figures are obtained from these triangles:

two large triangles, one side of which (the hypotenuse) is equal to the side of the original large square template;
one medium-sized triangle, according to the diagram, its legs are half the length of the side of the square progenitor;
two small triangles with hypotenuses equal to half the side length of a large square;
one parallelogram with angles of 45 and 135 degrees;
one medium square.

Here is a visual image with dimensions to make it clearer:

You can make a brain toy from ordinary cardboard. Some have wooden sets.

How to make a tangram

A tangram can be made from cardboard or paper by printing a template and cutting along the lines. You can download and print the tangram square diagram by clicking on the picture and selecting “print” or “save image as...”.

It is possible without a template. We draw a diagonal in the square - we get 2 triangles. We cut one of them in half into 2 small triangles. Mark the middle on each side of the second large triangle. We cut off the middle triangle and other shapes using these marks. There are other options for how to draw a tangram, but when you cut it into pieces, they will be absolutely the same.

A more practical and durable tangram can be cut from a rigid office folder or a plastic DVD box. You can complicate your task a little by cutting out a tangram from pieces of different felt, stitching them along the edges, or even from plywood or wood.

What mystery lies in this game?

Origin of the game

The game was born in China more than 3000 years ago. Although the word "Tangram" was coined just over a century ago in North America, the Chinese game was known as the "seven piece board of wisdom."

According to one legend, the Great Dragon, who lived among people, entered into battle with the Thunder God. And the God of Thunder cut the sky with an ax into 7 pieces, which fell to the ground. The pieces were so black that they absorbed all the light on earth, thereby destroying the shapes of all objects. The dragon, saddened by such a tragedy, took these seven pieces and began to build various forms and creatures, starting with humans, animals and plants.

Another legend tells of a monk who instructed his disciples to travel by painting the varied beauty of the world on ceramic tiles. But one day the tile fell and broke into 7 pieces. The students tried for seven days to assemble the tiles into a square, but were unsuccessful. And then they decided: the beauty and diversity of the world can be composed of these seven parts.

What is the game?

The puzzle consists of seven geometric figures by dissecting a square:

2 large right triangles

1 medium right triangle

2 small right triangles

1 square

1 parallelogram

Each of these parts is called Tang (Chinese for "part").

These figures are used to create a variety of situations. The game has 1600 possible solutions, which include a wide variety of animals and humans, objects and geometric shapes.

As with other puzzles, tangrams can be solved alone, or you can compete with other players.

How to play Tangram?

Draw a square on cardboard and divide it into parts. It is better to use double-sided colored cardboard. If you don’t have one, take regular colored cardboard, glue it with the wrong side and cut out the shapes. This will make the details more dense. Make several of these sets in different colors.

To begin, ask your child to put these pieces back together into a square. It is better if the child completes the task without looking at the drawing of the square. But if that doesn’t work, you can use the sample.

When laying out figures, it is easier for a child to use samples with drawn components. Outline patterns are more difficult to reproduce.

On a note

A tangram can be cut from a sheet of soft magnet (magnetic tape). An excellent option would be to take sheets of different colors. Then you can assemble the tangram directly on the refrigerator.

The following rules must be observed when playing

when composing images, all seven figures are used;
the figures must be in the same plane, i.e. should not overlap each other or be placed on top of other parts;
all parts must be adjacent, i.e. have a point of contact with other parts.

Real drawings of those objects, the silhouette image of which is created using a puzzle game, are very useful. In this case, it will be easier for the child to imagine the depicted object and, perhaps, create his own version. Such activities are very useful in preparing children for school.

Video taken from youtube.comUser WwwIgrovedRu

Author Seytnefesova Svetlana

Source of diagrams: walls360.com

Master class Tangram consultation in mathematics (preparatory group) on the topic

The game “Tangram” can be used in kindergarten, both in mathematics classes, and in free time during math quizzes and leisure activities, in individual work with children and at home, in the family. Children post pictures from dances and memorize vocabulary for them. At the same time, children develop and train their memory, the sounds assigned by the speech therapist are automated, and educational and correctional tasks are solved.

One of the components of the methodological support for the section “Elementary mathematical concepts in kindergarten” is the game “Tangram”, through which you can solve mathematical, speech and correctional problems.

The game “Tangram” is one of the simple mathematical games. The game is easy to make. A 10 by 10 cm square of cardboard or plastic, equally colored on both sides, is cut into 7 parts, which are called tans. The result is 2 large, 2 small and 1 medium triangles, a square and a parallelogram. Each child is given an envelope with 7 tanas and a sheet of cardboard on which they lay out a picture from the sample. Using all 7 tanas, tightly attaching them to one another, children create a lot of different images based on samples and according to their own ideas.

The game is interesting for both children and adults. Children are captivated by the result - they are involved in active practical activities to select a way to arrange the figures in order to create a silhouette.

The success of mastering the game in preschool age depends on the level of sensory development of children. While playing, children remember the names of geometric figures, their properties, distinctive features, examine the forms visually and tactile-motor, and freely move them in order to obtain a new figure. Children develop the ability to analyze simple images, identify geometric shapes in them and in surrounding objects, practically modify the figures by cutting them and composing them from parts.

At the first stage of mastering the game “Tangram,” a series of exercises are carried out aimed at developing children’s spatial concepts, elements of geometric imagination, and developing practical skills in composing new figures by joining one of them to another.

Children are offered different tasks: to compose figures according to a model, an oral task, or a plan. These exercises are preparatory to the second stage of mastering the game - composing figures using dissected patterns >.

To successfully recreate figures, you need the ability to visually analyze the shape of a planar figure and its parts. Children often make mistakes in connecting figures on the sides and in proportion.

So, the content of the work at the second stage of the development of games: this is teaching children to analyze a sample and verbally express the way to connect the spatial arrangement of parts.

This is followed by exercises in composing figures. In case of difficulties, children turn to the model. It is made in the form of a table on a sheet of paper of the same silhouette figure size as the sets of figures that children have. This makes it easier in the first lessons to analyze and check the reconstructed image with a sample.

The third stage of mastering the game is the compilation of figures according to patterns of a contour nature, undivided Appendix No. 1>. This is available to children 6-7 years old, subject to training. Games for composing figures using patterns are followed by exercises in composing images according to one’s own design.

The stages of work on introducing the game “Tangram” with children of senior preschool age were as follows.

At first, the “Tangram” game was played as part of a math lesson for 5-7 minutes. Observations of children during the game confirmed the fact that the children liked the game. After this, an element of competition was introduced, and the one who posted the picture faster than others received a reward-chip.

The children were even more interested in this. They began to ask for more time to play “Tangram”. This made it possible to conduct mathematical leisure activities, quizzes, where children played for up to 20-40 minutes.

To enrich the theme of the game, there was a need to diversify this material; it was found in the magazines “Elementary School”, “Preschool Education”, in the books of Z.A. Mikhailova, T.I. Tarabarina, N.V. Elkina. and etc.

Many pictures were developed by the teacher. A number of pictures were created by children from the preparatory group. Observations of children have confirmed that this game develops mental and speech abilities in children.

There were guys diagnosed with “general speech underdevelopment,” with poor memory, a small vocabulary, and withdrawn. They played alone more often. Teachers played with these children individually and offered pictures for the whole family to play at home. The results were unexpected, the children began to level out, some faster, some slower, but they no longer lagged behind their peers in posting pictures and were even ahead of some. Having overcome their shyness and reticence, these children began to quickly master the alphabet, reading, mathematics, and left kindergarten for school with clear speech, being able to read and count well.

The next stage in complicating this game was the selection of speech material for the pictures: riddles, funny short poems, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, counting rhymes, physical exercises. In a speech therapy kindergarten, this speech material has become especially useful for children with sound pronunciation and speech disorders. While playing “Tangram”, children memorized this material, reinforced and automated sounds in tongue twisters and tongue twisters. The children's speech was enriched and their memory was trained.

While playing “Tangram,” children’s quantitative skills were strengthened. (There are 5 triangles in total, 2 large triangles, 2 small triangles, 1 medium-sized triangle. There are 7 tans in the game in total).

Children practically mastered ordinal counting. So, if we count the tans of the “Rocket” picture from top to bottom, then the square is in fifth place, small triangles are in first and fourth place, the middle triangle is in third, large triangles are in sixth and seventh place >.

By counting tanas from top to bottom, from left to right, children practice orientation on a sheet of paper.

When composing this or that picture, children compare the size of the triangles, determine the place for small, large and medium triangles in the pictures of the game “Tangram”.

Children's knowledge of geometric shapes in this game (triangle, square and quadrangle) is constantly reinforced.

By playing and rearranging small cardboard figures, children train the small muscles of their hands and fingers.

In kindergarten speech therapy groups, work is carried out on lexical and grammatical topics, within the framework of which children’s knowledge about the world around them is clarified and consolidated. Pictures for the game “Tangram” have been developed on many topics (wild and domestic animals and birds, trees, houses, furniture, toys, dishes, transport, people, family, flowers, mushrooms, insects, fish, etc.). Pictures have been developed on the topic “Wild Animals”: hare, fox, wolf, bear, squirrel, lion, kangaroo >. By playing with pictures and laying them out, children learn a variety of speech material, and also reinforce and automate the sounds set by the speech therapist.

I bring to your attention speech material for the picture of a hare:

Pure sayings (automation of the sound “ch”):

Chu-chu-chu the bunny goes to the doctor, Cha-cha-cha the bunny sits at the doctor.

Tongue twisters (automation of the sound “z”):

Buba the bunny has a toothache.

Zoya's bunny's name is Zaznayka, and Zina's bunny's name is Know-It-All.

Zina is the bunny's mistress,

A bunny fell asleep in Zina's basket.

“Say the word”:

Trying to weave a cunning trail, I jumped through the snowdrifts... (hare)

- Oh! - the housewives shout around, - They got into the garden... (bunnies)

He rushes without looking back, only his heels sparkle. He rushes as fast as he can, his tail is shorter than his ear. Quickly guess who it is?.. (bunny)

Funny poems:

A bunny rides on a tram, A bunny rides, reasons: “If I bought a ticket, Who am I? Hare or not?

The hare says to the hare: “I wish I had a ravenous appetite!” “Appetite is of little use, I wish I had teeth like a wolf!”

The bunny is cold in the woods, let's knit the bunny's socks, covered an open field, and galloped off to another. He writes a phrase endlessly so that the fox does not read it right away.

Puzzles:

Both animals and birds offend him. He is afraid of every bush in the field, In winter he freezes so much under the Christmas tree, That in summer he does not take off his fur coat.

The scythe has no den, he does not need a hole, his legs save him from enemies, and his bark saves him from hunger.

Who jumps deftly and loves carrots, spoils the garden beds, and runs away without looking back?!

Not a lamb or a cat, wears a fur coat all year round. The fur coat is gray for summer, and a different color for winter.

A ball of fluff, a long ear, jumps smartly, loves carrots.

Fizminutka:

One, two, three, four, five The little bunny began to jump, The little bunny was good at jumping, he jumped 10 times. (jumping in one place and moving forward)

Counting tables:

One, two, three, four, five, there is no place for a bunny to jump, A wolf, a wolf walks everywhere; he clicks his teeth, clicks! And we are hiding in the bushes, hide, little bunny, and you too! You, wolf, wait until we hide - go!

The little cowardly bunny ran across the field, ran into the garden - found a cabbage, found a carrot, sits, gnaws. The owner is coming!

A hare runs across the bridge, long ears, short tail. Don't run too far, help us count. One, two, three - come out!

After posting a picture of an animal to reinforce the material on the topic, you can offer children the following speech games and tasks:

“Name other animals”
“Call it affectionately” (an object or its parts - a fox, a bear, a head, an ear, a tail)
“Count to 5” (1 little fox, 2 little foxes, 5 little foxes)
“Name the action words” (What does the fox do? Runs, sits, meanders, cheats)
“1 and many” (fox - foxes, bear cub - cubs, ear - ears)
"Who is absent?" (Bears, hares, kangaroos, wolf cubs)
“Name the words-signs” (What kind of puppy? – kind, affectionate, trusting)
“One of 2 words” (the hare has fast legs - fleet-footed)
“Say the opposite” (selection of antonym words: brave - cowardly, kind - evil)
“Name it, whose, whose, whose?” (Working with possessive adjectives - fox tail, bear ear, harelip, wolf tracks)

While talking about the picture, children practice agreeing an adjective with a noun in gender, number and case; in the use of comparative and superlative adjectives (one object is wide, another is wider, the third is the widest).

Children make up simple and complex sentences; you can even make up a story about your actions when posting a particular picture.

The speech material for the pictures for the game “Tangram” was selected so that the riddles, poems, tongue twisters were short, funny, to the point, interesting, so that they were easily perceived and remembered by children, so that the children received emotional release and relaxation.

We offer an approximate summary of leisure time in mathematics in the senior group with children with general speech underdevelopment.

Topic: “Development of speech in a mathematics lesson using riddles, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, short poems in the game “Tangram”.

Goal: combine laying out pictures of geometric shapes (tans) with speech material (poems, riddles, tongue twisters, tongue twisters, “say the word”, physical exercises with fingers).

Educational objectives:

teach children to lay out a contour picture (a picture of a bunny, undivided into 7 geometric shapes, 7 tans);
continue to teach children orientation on a sheet of squared paper;
consolidate knowledge of geometric figures, days of the week in order, counting from 5 to 10, from 7 to 10, from 4 to 1, from 6 to 1;
consolidate speech material on the topic “Animals”;
develop children's memory.

Corrective tasks:

learn to clearly pronounce tongue twisters, phrases, speech material from physical exercises with fingers, correctly agree adjectives with nouns (what kind of Christmas tree?), nouns with verbs (what is the bunny doing?), learn to form words with two roots (the hare has long ears - long-eared, cross-eyed , short-tailed);
develop logical thinking in children;
automate the sounds assigned by the speech therapist in children’s speech (“z”, “r”, “s”, “sh”);
develop small finger muscles by working with Tangram and in the game “Find out by touch” (numbers made from sandpaper are used).

Educational tasks:

cultivate attention, memory, endurance, perseverance, and the ability to complete the work started;
cultivate accuracy in work;
cultivate a desire to come to the aid of a friend.

Preliminary work:

Together with the children, cutting out squares from paper and cardboard.
Laying out the simplest figures and pictures by superimposing tans on the image.
Incorporating the game “Tangram” into a math lesson (5-7 minutes).
Individual work in free time in a group and homework for parents to play with the whole family.
Familiarization and memorization of speech material for pictures, using it in the game “Tangram”, in consolidating the given sounds.

Material:

Handout: envelopes with tans, pictures from the game “Tangram”, sheet, checkered notebook, pen; ball, stickers for each child.

Demonstration: “Wonderful bag” with numbers made from sandpaper, pictures from the game “Tangram”.

PROGRESS OF THE CLASS

The topic of the lesson is announced and “Warm-up for the mind” is offered in a circle with a ball. (The teacher throws the ball to the child, asks a question. The child answers and throws the ball to the teacher).

Questions:

Count further – 5 (the child counts: “6, 7, 8...”)
Count further - 7 (8, 9, 10)
Count back – 4 (3, 2, 1)
Count back – 6 (5, 4, 3, 2, 1)
Name the days of the week in order
Name the neighbors of the number 5
Name the neighbors of the number 7
Name Tuesday's neighbors, etc.

Offer to sit at the tables. Work in notebooks.

Task “Draw from a point” (without lifting your pen on the squared paper under the dictation of the teacher: draw 2 cells up, one to the right, 2 up, 1 to the right, 4 cells down, children draw an image). If the children completed the task correctly, then the result should be a bunny >.

Who did we draw? Bunny (check with the guys, praise).

Physical exercise. The child pronounces words from physical exercises, children jump in place and with progress.

“1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - the little bunny began to jump,

The bunny is good at jumping, (The words are accompanied by jumping on the spot)

He jumped 10 times.” (Jumping while moving in a circle)

Suggest recalling a simple saying (to reinforce the sound “h”):

- Chu-chu-chu the bunny goes to the doctor, - Cha-cha-cha the bunny sits at the doctor.

Exercise. “Let’s make one new word out of two” - a hare has long ears - long-eared, slanted eyes - cross-eyed, short tail - short-tailed, etc.

Game “Tangram”

The teacher asks questions:

— What did we cut out the parts for this game from? - From the square. - Let's make a square out of tans >. — How many sides, vertices, corners does a square have? - Four each. — How many tans are there in the game “Tangram”? - Seven. - Remember the riddle-poem about a square. - I am neither an oval nor a circle, - I am not a friend to the triangle, - I am a brother to the rectangle, - And my name is... (square).

In this case, you need to ensure that children clearly pronounce the sound “r”.

II. The teacher shows the children a picture that they together made from the drawings of the game “Tangram” and composed a fairy tale about the girl Masha. Appendix No. 2>.

They remember the fairy tale about Masha, and the teacher offers the following tasks, based on the content of the fairy tale.

Finger gymnastics. Children use their index and middle fingers to “run” back and forth on the table. They imitate how Masha ran along the path.

Exercise. Remember the riddles about the Christmas tree:

“Winter and summer in one color.”

“What kind of girl is this, not a seamstress, not a craftswoman.

She doesn’t sew anything herself, but wears needles all year round,” etc.

Exercise. Lay out the Christmas trees from the tans: one row of children is the lowest, another row is the highest, the third is a medium-height Christmas tree. Appendix No. 2>.

Exercise. Talk about joint actions: “I laid out the tallest Christmas tree, and Sasha laid out the lowest.”

Exercise. Come up with words-signs about the Christmas tree. What Christmas tree? (Tall, short, fluffy, green, etc.).

Exercise. Place a running bunny (undivided) on the flanograph.

Exercise. Remember the funny rhyme and tongue twister about the hare:

A bunny is riding on a tram, A bunny is riding, talking! If I bought a ticket, Who am I, a hare or not? (Rhyme)

Zina's bunny is called Zaznaika, and Zoya's bunny is called Know-It-All (tongue twister)

Make sure that children pronounce the sound “z” clearly.

Come up with action words about the bunny.

— What did the bunny do in the fairy tale about Masha?

- Sat, got scared, ran away, hid, cowarded, galloped, stood, ate, trembled (dictionary of verbs).

In a fairy tale, the girl Masha found a magic flower. Do some physical exercise with your fingers about a flower. Conducted by a child. Children perform movements with their fingers and palms.

Our scarlet flowers open their petals, The breeze breathes slightly, the petals sway, Our delicate flowers close their petals, Quietly fall asleep, shake their heads.

- Masha found herself in the house, and there was a wonderful bag there, let's see what's in the bag? (Numbers made from sandpaper)

The game “Find out the number by touch” is played.

The teacher, together with the children, analyzes their work, encourages them and gives out prizes.

Similar activities, leisure activities, and quizzes can be developed and conducted with children using other pictures from the “Tangram” game.

Peculiarities

A game called "Tangram" was created in China many centuries ago. It has several legends of its origin. According to the most common of them, the puzzle was invented by three wise men for the son of an emperor who was not interested in learning. The capricious prince liked “Tangram”; the game helped him understand the basics of mathematics and philosophy.

The game is represented by a set of seven figures. It includes five triangles of a certain size (two of them are large, two are small, and one is medium), one parallelogram and one square. The figures themselves are flat and can be folded into a large square.

At what age do they play tangram?

There are many opinions, successful and unsuccessful experiences of teaching geometric puzzles to children of different ages. Often, preschoolers 2.5 years old do not yet understand the rules of the game. Children 3-4 years old are quite capable of moving and folding figures, but they do not always have enough perseverance. As a rule, it ends with 2-3 compositions under the guidance of a teacher or mother, then a switch of attention and types of activities is required. But the most diligent children of 3.5 - 4 years old can already come up with images themselves or assemble them according to existing patterns. And if you interest them not just in composing figures, but in making a multi-colored tangram, and organically interweave a fairy tale, a narrative with elements of adventure and vivid images during the lesson, then preschoolers can independently come up with unexpected solutions to the puzzle.

At what age does a child start playing tangram? Each teacher or parent decides for himself. Children may master it very early, or may not show interest even in older preschool age. The child should be ready for puzzles of this kind.

The teacher should take into account that if the activity involves making a tangram with their own hands, then the children must be able to work with scissors.

How to play?

The first stage, without which you definitely won’t be able to play, is to explain the rules. Explain and show your child how to fold the figures - they must be assembled so that the elements fit tightly to each other, but do not overlap; there should be no excess left. Be prepared that the child will not understand you the first time, and will accidentally break the rules for a very long time - do not scold under any circumstances, but gently correct and remind them that this is not allowed.

Even if you have a set without diagrams, you will still need cards - otherwise you need a powerful imagination, even on an adult scale, to come up with what a conventional person or bear, assembled from seven geometric parts, should look like. Even if you bought a tangram relatively late, remember that such a game is new for the baby, and he should not overexert himself while completing the assigned tasks. That is why start with those cards that show not only the final silhouette, but also the contours of individual particles in it.

Remember that the images from the tasks must be known to the child. A cat, a house, a boat, a fish or a man are concepts that have been known since childhood. Moreover, in the case of animal silhouettes, even an adult does not always understand how to clearly distinguish a fox from a dog, a cat from a hare, a swan (in the geometric design of a tangram) from any other bird. Don’t try to learn new concepts using a tangram - if your child has never seen a rocket, he won’t be interested in assembling something that is a complete abstraction for him, and he won’t be happy with success. If he has encountered a conventional fox only in tangram, be prepared for the fact that in real life he simply will not recognize the red animal.

The next level is folding figures according to the silhouette without breaking it down into parts. This is a slightly more difficult task, so you only need to start with familiar things, like a house. Here you should not avoid the simplicity of the task - let it be obvious at first from the silhouette where the same parallelogram is used. Don’t forget: if the player doesn’t succeed at all from the very beginning, he will abandon the game very quickly.

Over time, especially if you have more than one set or the child cuts out the parts himself according to templates, you can create entire plot applications - for example, trying to retell the plot of a fairy tale.

To learn what tangram is and how to play it, see the following video.

Tangram diagrams with tasks for preschoolers: animals

Hare and bear.

Fox and horse.

Wolf and cat.

Kangaroo and dog.

Duck, goose, swan.

Crow, sparrow, heron.

Turtle, crab, snake.

Butterfly, bird.

History of origin

This famous puzzle comes from China. According to legend, it was invented by the teachers of the emperor’s son - a mathematician, artist and philosopher. With the help of an exciting game, they taught the lazy heir calculations and combinatorial thinking. They taught us to comprehend the beauty of images and to understand the complex world through simple figures. The puzzle is a square of seven geometric shapes. By moving and arranging the figures, you can come up with more than 6 million compositions. In China it is called “chi-chao-tu”. Translated as “seven planks of skill” or “pattern of seven smart parts.” In Europe, tangrams were made from expensive wood and ivory. Many historical celebrities were fond of it, such as Napoleon Bonaparte, Thomas Hill, Lewis Carroll.

Before the advent of computers and various electronic games, tangram was popular along with chess and dominoes. Currently, tangram is more often used in children's educational institutions for the development of children.

How to play tangram: rules

Tangram is a simple and simple game. Its rules are as follows:

From the details of a tangram you need to put together an image of an animal, a person, an object, a letter, a number, a geometric figure;
The assembled figure must include all 7 parts of the tangram;
The parts must touch without overlapping each other;
The addition of the figure begins with finding the location of the large triangle.

For preschoolers: goals and objectives

Tangram develops many abilities. One of the goals of the tangram is to teach children to independently find solutions. By putting the figures in one order or another, preschoolers try different options, choosing the optimal composition in accordance with the given rules. The magic square, like other logical tasks and puzzles, perfectly activates mental activity and develops character.

Tasks:

Develop in children memory, attention, fine motor skills, various types of thinking (logical, spatial, imaginative, constructive), quick wits, imagination, Form in children the perception of color and shape, Teach to follow instructions and play according to given rules, Develop perseverance, patience, as necessary qualities for the future school period, to instill in children responsibility and a serious attitude towards completing the task.

At what age do they play tangram?

At what age a child should start playing tangram, each teacher or parent decides for himself. Children may master it very early, or may not show interest even in older preschool age. The child should be ready for puzzles of this kind.

The teacher should take into account that if the activity involves making a tangram with their own hands, then the children must be able to work with scissors.

Brief history of the technique

Legend has it that a certain Chinese emperor began to use the tangram for the first time, who was very worried that his future heir did not show due interest in the learning process. Then the monarch called for help from three wise men - a mathematician, an artist and a philosopher, who together came up with the magic square. Thanks to it, you can perform a huge number of tasks. And the capricious prince finally began to study.

It is known that even Napoleon at one time was engaged in folding tangram figures.

Schemes and figures of the tangram game

Recently, tangrams have been often used by designers. The most successful use of tangram is perhaps as furniture. There are tangram tables, transformable upholstered furniture, and cabinet furniture. All furniture built on the tangram principle is quite comfortable and functional. It can change depending on the mood and desire of the owner. How many different options and combinations can be made from triangular, square and quadrangular shelves. When purchasing such furniture, along with instructions, the buyer is given several sheets with pictures on different topics that can be folded from these shelves. In the living room you can hang shelves in the shape of people, in the nursery you can put cats, hares and birds from the same shelves, and in the dining room or library - the drawing can be on a construction theme - houses, castles, temples.

Here is such a multifunctional tangram.

https://vospitatelyu.ru/poznavatelnoe-razvitie/igra-tangram-dlja-doshkolnikov
https://LovingMama.ru/article/1110-igra-tangram-istoriya-kitayskoy-golovolomki-pravila-shemy-polza-dlya-detskogo-razvitiya
https://o-krohe.ru/razvivayushchie-igry/tangram-kak-igrat/
https://7gy.ru/detskoe-tvorchestvo/podelki/694-tangram.html

Chinese tangram puzzle game: rules and history

Tangram (from Chinese "seven planks of skill") consists of seven flat figures, or tans. They must be folded in a certain way to obtain a more complex figure depicting a person, animal, plant, object, number, letter, etc. The conditions of the game are to use all seven tangram pieces and there is no overlap between the pieces. You should start solving the puzzle by finding the location of the largest triangle.

Tangram is considered an ancient game that originated more than 4,000 years ago. According to legend, a porcelain tile fell out of one person’s hands and broke. It turned out to be 7 parts, and the upset person tried to quickly put them back into a single whole, but the result was the appearance of various figures. The activity turned out to be very exciting, it later turned into a game and found many fans.

Another beautiful tale tells of the battle between the Thunder God and the Great Dragon. The Thunder God broke the sky into 7 pieces that fell to the ground. Black pieces absorbed the earth's light and all existing forms of objects. The dragon began to create various forms from “pieces of the sky” - animals, plants, humans.

However, despite the well-established idea of tangram as an ancient game, the earliest depiction of its figures in a Chinese book dates back to 1813. Already at the beginning of the 19th century, thanks to the development of trade relations with China, this game became popular in Europe and America. The oldest example of a tangram was given to the son of an American shipowner in 1802; it is made of ivory and is kept in a silk case.

Fans of the game included, for example, Edgar Allan Poe and Lewis Carroll. The latter had a book in his library with 323 tasks for this puzzle.

MAGAZINE Preschooler.RF

Mathematical game Tangram

Introduction:

I heard about an ancient Chinese game - the tangram puzzle. I was very interested in this game. And I wanted to learn as much as possible about the tangram. I decided to study in detail the history of this puzzle and explore the possibilities of this game, its application in the form of a game. Each of us knows from childhood what a game is. Sometimes you can find something unusual and exciting in the simplest game. In the game we learn, avoid problems, strive for results (even small ones, noticeable only to us). Games not only occupy leisure time, but also educate. Our modern world is full of technical innovations. Our way of life has been modernized, human robots have learned to think and decide, and sometimes replace people themselves. The world around is becoming technical, and spiritual warmth is gradually disappearing into oblivion. Sometimes you can find something unusual and exciting in the simplest things, even in an ordinary game. Do you know what a secret, task, logic is? Puzzle - this is all that one very old game includes...

Relevance

Puzzles are toys for all times. Before the advent of computer games and the rapid development of board games, one of the main entertainments for most people was a puzzle game. And nowadays, a lot of people are interested in puzzles. They are loved not only by children, but also by adults. The game helps develop logical thinking and geometric intuition. This is a way of distracting from everyday problems, at the same time it is aimed at developing various thought processes - comparison, generalization, establishing a sequence, determining the relationship “whole” - “part” .

What is tangram?

Tangram is perhaps the most popular game from the series of so-called “geometric constructors” .

Tangram is an ancient Chinese puzzle consisting of seven flat figures that are folded in a certain way to form another, more complex figure (representing a person, animal, household item, etc.). The figure that needs to be obtained is usually specified in the form of a silhouette or an external contour. When solving the puzzle, two conditions must be met: first, you must use all seven tangram shapes, and second, the shapes must not overlap each other.

Goal: To teach children to make geometric shapes of animals, birds, people, architectural structures, and transport.

Tasks: Build simple shapes: square, triangle, rectangle, according to given parameters. Development of cognitive interest, fine motor skills, memory, attention, visual imaginative thinking. Cultivating accuracy and politeness in individual and joint activities.

Hypothesis: if a person becomes interested in the magical game Tangram, then he not only expands his intellectual horizons, but also develops thinking, imagination, and visual memory.

Origin story

The origin of the word “tangram” is not known for certain. Here are the versions we were able to find about the meaning of this word.

In China, the name Tangram is unknown, but the game is called Shi-Chao-Tyu (seven cunning figures).

In the Oxford English Dictionary, the name Tangram appears with reference to the authoritative Henry E. Dudeny, his version was adopted by the compiler of the dictionary D. Murray. He discovered that the word tangram was first found in the 1864 edition of Webster's dictionary. According to Murray, the word tangram itself was coined in the middle of the last century by an American who formed a neologism from the word Tan, which means Chinese in Cantonese, and the common suffix -gram (as in anagram or cryptogram).

A different theory of the origin of the word tangram was put forward by Peter Van Note in the preface to the new edition of Lloyd's book: Chinese families living on boats are called tanka.

In the book “Chinese Philosophical and Mathematical Transgram” (1817), the word transgram is interpreted as an old English word meaning a puzzle toy. At first, the puzzle was used not for entertainment, but for teaching geometry. The first image of a tangram (1780) was discovered in a woodcut by the Japanese artist Utomaro, where two girls fold figures.

Like the meaning of the word, the history of the appearance of this game has reached us only in legends.

Legend one: version about broken tiles

More than 4,000 thousand years ago, a porcelain tile fell out of one person’s hands and broke into seven pieces. Frustrated, he hurriedly tried to fold it, but each time he received new and interesting images. This activity turned out to be so fascinating that subsequently the square, made up of seven geometric figures, was called the Board of Wisdom.

Legend two: three wise men came up with “Shi-Chao-Tyu”

Almost two and a half thousand years ago, the middle-aged Emperor of China gave birth to a long-awaited son and heir. Years passed. The boy grew up healthy and smart beyond his years. One thing worried the old emperor: his son, the future ruler of a huge country, did not want to study. The boy found it more enjoyable to play with toys all day long. The emperor called to himself three wise men, one of whom was known as a mathematician, another became famous as an artist, and the third was a famous philosopher, and ordered them to come up with a game, by playing with which, his son would comprehend the principles of mathematics, learn to look at the world around him with the gaze of an artist , would become patient, like a true philosopher, and would understand that complex things are often made up of simple things. Three wise men came up with “Shi-Chao-Tyu” - a square cut into seven parts.

Legend Three: Seven Books of Tang

“In the notes of the late Professor Challenor, which fell into the hands of the author,” Loyd asserted, “there is information that seven books on tangrams, each containing exactly a thousand figures, were compiled in China more than 4000 years ago. These books have now become so rare that during the forty years that Professor Challenor spent in China, he only once managed to see the first edition of the first of seven volumes (preserved in its entirety) and several scattered fragments of the second volume . According to Loyd's legend, Tang was a legendary Chinese sage who was worshiped as a deity by his countrymen. He arranged the figures in his seven books according to the seven stages in the evolution of the Earth. His tangrams begin with symbolic images of chaos and the principle of "yin and yang" . Then follow the simplest forms of life, as we move along the evolutionary tree, figures of fish, birds, animals and humans appear. Along the way, in various places you come across images of what was created by man: tools, furniture, clothing and architectural structures. Loyd frequently quotes sayings from Confucius, a philosopher named Shufutse, commentator Li Huangzhang, and the fictional Professor Challenor. Li Huangzhang is mentioned because, according to legend, he knew all the figures from the seven books of Tang before he learned to speak. Loyd also contains references to “famous” Chinese proverbs such as “Only a fool would undertake to write the eighth book of Tang .

Yakov Isidorovich Perelman, a Russian scientist, popularizer of physics, mathematics and astronomy, dedicated one of his books “Puzzle Figures of 7 Pieces” published in 1927 to the tangram. The name of this remarkable person is associated with the emergence and development of a special – entertaining – genre of scientific popularization of the fundamentals of knowledge. The author of more than a hundred books and brochures, he had the rare gift of talking about dry scientific truths in an exciting and interesting way, arousing burning curiosity and inquisitiveness - these are the first stages of the independent work of the mind.

Here's what he writes: “You can not only make funny figures out of 7 pieces of a cut square. But also glean some information from geometry . For example, what is a square, quadrilateral, pentagon, give a definition of equal-sized figures.

Rules of the game

Tangram is one of the amazing puzzles that absolutely anyone can get carried away with. For mathematicians, this is an inexhaustible source of geometric relationships. Teachers often use it as a visual aid. You can make a tangram yourself; all you need is scissors, paper and a ruler.

The essence of the game is to construct various object silhouettes on a plane. The variety and varying degrees of complexity of geometric constructors allows us to take into account the age characteristics, inclinations, capabilities, and level of training of the player.

All assembled figures must have the same area because assembled from identical elements. This implies:

Rules of the game:

Each assembled figure must include all seven elements.

When composing figures, elements should not overlap each other.

The elements of the figures must be adjacent to one another.

You need to start by finding the location of the largest triangle.

When drawing up silhouettes, the teacher constantly reminds the children

that it is necessary to use all parts of the set, tightly attaching them to each other.

An adult can use some techniques that will help a preschooler

achieve the best results: propose analysis of the sample as a whole or

the most complex part of it, indicate the location of one or two figures

in the silhouette being compiled, start laying out, and then invite the child to finish

silhouette or, conversely, to complete what the child started. Should be constantly

confirm the correctness of the child’s train of thought and actions, encourage him

plan the progress of your work, discuss methods of laying out and results,

encourage the desire to complete the work started, overcoming difficulties in

achieving the goal, fulfilling the plan. Help for the child should

be tactful, encouraging independence, activity, perseverance, proactive actions leading to achieving results. Direct instructions

what and how to do, it is better to avoid. The following advice to children is appropriate: “Look (examine) the picture carefully. What figures is it made of? , “Try it again,

but in a different way”, “Remember how you posted last time and start the same way” ,

“Think well first, and then do it”.

The game “Tangram” arouses great interest in children, promotes the development of analytical, synthetic and planning activities, opens up new opportunities for improving sensory skills, developing creative, productive thinking, as well as moral and volitional qualities of the individual.

The result of the game is a flat silhouette image. It is conditional, schematic, but the image is easily guessed by the main characteristic features of the object:

its structure, proportional ratio of parts and shape.

Types of problems solved by tangram Variety of problem figures

It is necessary to fold the figure according to the contour pattern.
It is necessary to fold the figure according to the pattern using a solid fill.
It is necessary to add up the silhouettes of recognizable objects with the greatest accuracy.

Then you can practice on your own, creating your own - the simplest images. Thus, one’s own imagination develops. You don’t have to dwell only on the constructive part of the game. It's fascinating to transfer the resulting silhouettes onto paper. You can draw, create and work out the background, come up with a plot. And successful compositions can be used to decorate the interior of a room or play area.

You can create a more complex double or triple tangram (for this, two or three sets of seven “tans” are used).

Making a tangram

To make tangrams, take thick cardboard and draw a square on it. Then line it so that you get the following shapes: 5 triangles (2 large, 1 medium and 2 small), a square and a parallelogram - 7 shapes in total. You can use the template provided below.

A tangram can also be made from plexiglass, a piece of linoleum and other available materials.

Modern puzzles - “folding”

The oldest surviving Russian puzzle of this type dates back to 1820. It consists of seven pieces of cardboard with task cards attached, where figures are drawn that need to be folded. The puzzle is stored in the largest in our country

Next >

Progress of the master class.

I. Introductory part. Slide No. 1.

Dear Colleagues! I present to your attention the master class “Using the Tangram Puzzle”

in working with preschoolers."

Slide number 2. Tangram in Chinese means “seven planks of mastery”

. This is a puzzle that consists of a square cut into 7 parts in a certain way.

From the resulting parts you can put together a wide variety of shapes (images of people, animals, household items, letters, numbers, etc.)

Slide number 3. The legend of the origin of the tangram.

Almost two and a half thousand years ago, the middle-aged Emperor of China gave birth to a long-awaited son and heir.

Years passed. The boy grew up healthy and smart. One thing bothered the old emperor: his son, the future ruler of a huge country, did not want to study. The boy found it more enjoyable to play with toys all day long. The emperor called to himself three wise men, one of whom was known as a mathematician, another became famous as an artist, and the third was a famous philosopher, and ordered them to come up with a game, by playing with which, his son would comprehend the principles of mathematics, learn to look at the world around him with the gaze of an artist , would become patient, like a true philosopher, and would understand that complex things are often made up of simple things. Three wise men came up with the puzzle "Shi-Chao-Tyu"

- a square cut into seven parts.
Later, the puzzle game was brought to America by Chinese sailors, from America it already came to Europe, where it received its name “Tangram”
, which translated means
“tan”
- Chinese,
“gram”
- letter.

Slide number 4. Tangram can interest not only children, but also serious adults - scientists and famous people.

• Writer and mathematician Lewis Carroll is considered a tangram enthusiast. He kept a Chinese book with 323 problems.

• Napoleon, during his exile on St. Helena, had a tangram set and a book containing problems and solutions.

Slide No. 5 Pedagogical significance of the game “Tangram”.

The game helps children develop skills

play by the rules and follow instructions, visual-figurative thinking, imagination, attention, understanding of color, size and shape, perception, combinatorial abilities.

Slide number 6. As a result of the exercises and tasks for this game, the child will learn to analyze simple images, identify geometric shapes in them, learn to visually break an entire object into parts and, conversely, compose a given model from the elements. In addition, for kids the game "Tangram"

will also become a finger trainer.

Slide number 7. When solving the puzzle, 2 conditions must be met.

• it is necessary to use all seven tangram figures;

• figures should not overlap each other.

Slide No. 8 Making a tangram.

• Prepare a square sheet of cardboard, thin plastic, foamiran, pencil, ruler and scissors.

• Divide the square into 7 parts, as shown in the figure.

• Carefully cut out each puzzle piece with scissors.

Slide number 9. Preschoolers are introduced to the tangram in several stages.

Where to begin?

The very first exercise with such a game is to create a figure from two or three elements. For example, make a square or a house from triangles. The child must navigate the puzzle: count all the triangles, compare them by size.

Slide number 10. Stage 2. Folding figures according to a contour diagram, where children put parts of the tangram directly onto the diagram.

Slide number 11. Stage 3. folding figures according to the pattern. At this stage, children visually divide the sample into parts and lay out the figure on a plane.

Slide number 12. You can come up with many games with tangram. For example, interaction games. Break into pairs, hold hands and with your free hands collect the given figures either in the air or on a plane. Pairs can be: child + child, child + parent.

Slide No. 13

Thank you for your attention!

About the benefits

Exercises with a puzzle are certainly useful for preschool children, since in an unobtrusive form they develop useful skills:

teach spatial thinking;
form and consolidate the concepts of color and shape;
improve attention and imagination;
develop the ability to “read” an instruction diagram;
learn to visually divide an entire object into parts;
help the development of fine motor skills, since children fold the figures on the table using their fingers.

The goal of such training is to improve the child’s thinking. At the same time, the variety of schemes helps maintain interest.